Salivary function in post-irradiated head and neck tumour patients (assessed as salivary flow rates) was significantly reduced compared with normal controls, suggesting marked salivary gland hypofunction.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft in reducing post-surgical pocket depth in moderate to advanced adult periodontitis in patients. Nine patients with a total of eighteen intrabony defects were selected for this study. The bony defects were matched for tooth type, location and pocket depth. Following an initial non-surgical treatment, only pockets of 5 to 7 mm deep were indicated for surgery. Periodontal pockets were measured pre-operatively and at 3, 6 and 9 months post-surgically. The study protocol included a split mouth design, where surgical treatment was carried out at both test and control sites. The test sites were assigned demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft and the control sites were subjected to debridement alone without the use of demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft. The results from this study showed a statistically significant difference in the mean pocket depth at 6 and 9 months post-operatively for both test and control groups, but there was no statistically significant difference at 3 months. In conclusion, demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft was ineffective in reducing periodontal pocket depth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis, as compared to surgical debridement alone.
favorable because it does not completely restore the architecture or function of the lost tissues. On the other hand, regeneration includes reproduction of the lost or injured parts but reconstitutes only a very small portion, only the base of the pocket. Furthermore, regeneration of PDL and alveolar bone is a slower process compared to repair by LJE. Regeneration of the alveolar bone lost through periodontal disease remains one of the biggest challenges in dentistry. Various efforts have been made to achieve regeneration using the principles of Guided Tissue Regeneration, Guided Bone Regeneration or the use of bone graft. However, bone graft has gained popularity as GTR and GBR were shown to be technique sensitive and highly expensive. The objectives of periodontal bone graft are to reduce periodontal pocket depth, to achieve gain in clinical attachment level (CAL), to achieve bone fill of the osseous defects and to regenerate new bone, cementum and PDL. Since bone graft functions as a scaffold, it should prevent the apical migration of the soft tissue therefore preventing or minimizing recession. Clinical human and animal studies can provide valuable information on the first 3 objectives and the last objective requires histological analysis for verification. Historically, autogenous graft is the gold standard in periodontal therapy as it has proven to have regenerative potential. However, recent histological studies have revealed that demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (DFDBBX) has regenerative potential as well (1). The DFDBBX was reported to be biocompatible, has osteoconductive potential (2) and its physical properties were similar to human bone mineral in inner surface area,
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