The issue of the range of Sarothamnus scoparius in Eastern Europe remains problematic. This species, listed in the Red Data Book of USSR (1978) as a rare autochthonous species near the eastern limit of its range, is also a rare species of Ukrainian Polissya. According to data of other authors, S. scoparius is an adventive species of the flora of Eastern Europe. Sarothamnus scoparius is not listed in the floristic reports of the 19 th century from the Carpathians, Polissya and Eastern Europe in general. At that time it was not a component of the native flora but was cultivated in forestries as a forage plant for wild animals. From cultivation sites S. scoparius was spread to natural ecosystems, occuping niches in forest margins, forest glades, forest plantations, along forest routes and paths, in ecotones between forests and fields. The rate of migration of S. scoparius increased in the 20 th century and especially in the 21 st century due to climate warming and intensive antropogenic pressure on the environment (forest cut on large scale, abandoned fields, presence of many open pits and rock dumps, and other suitable habitats for S. scoparius). Strong frost and drought slow down but do not stop migration of S. scoparius to the east. This migration takes place in the Polissya lowland through various landscape ecosystems and in VolhynianPodolian Upland along river valleys. Differing behaviour of S. scoparius in two regions of Ukraine may be explained by air humidity. More humid climate of the Polissya lowland is more suitable for the growth and development of a subatlantic species S. scoparius than less humid climate of VolhynianPodolian Upland. Analysis of geographical distribution and habitats of S. scoparius in historical aspects shows that this species is a kenophyte and ergasiophyte in the Ukrainian flora. Sarothamnus scoparius is by mistake regarded as a rare autochtonian species in Ukraine.
A detailed study of the geographical distribution and populations status in historical aspects of Daphne cneorum (Thymelaceae), a rare species in Europe, was conducted to establish the dynamics of its range in Ukraine. Analysis of phytogeographic and paleological data showed that this is a migratory relict species (sensu Szafer, 1975). As a tertiary relic, D. cneorum survived in the Volhynian-Podolian Upland. From this refugium, it migrated to the Polissya and Dnipro lowlands as well as the Dnipro and Lublin uplands in the interglacial and postglacial periods. The range of D. cneorum in Ukraine currently consists of two separate areas, Volhynian-Podolian and Dnipro fragments. The disjunction apparently arose as a result of inconsistency of the ecological conditions (acid soils on crystalline rocks) of the Ukrainian shield and physiological needs of the calcephilous species D. cneorum. In our opinion, the disjunctions between the Volhynian-Podolian, Belarus and Lublin parts of the range are of anthropogenic origin. Over the last century, an intensive degradation of populations and fragmentation of the range of D. cneorum took place in Ukraine. Anthropogenic pressure has led to regressive changes in the species range in the country. Due to low seed productivity, plant death is not compensated by replenishment and therefore in disturbed habitats populations of D. cneorum are completely eliminated. The species has apparently disappeared from the flora of Roztocze, Volhynian Upland and the Kremenets Mountains. Since the absolute protection regime is ineffective for D. cneorum populations, the need to develop conservation management for this species in natural habitats is emphasized.
It is reported about the diversity of phytobiota of the valuable natural complex "Irpin Forest" in the Kyiv region. The data on the history of research of this interesting from a botanical perspective territory of Kyiv Polissia are presented. The features of the vegetation of different complexes of this forest area, dominated by oak-pine, cereal and moss-lichen forests, are characterized. The most valuable forests here are oak ones, which are rich in rare herbaceous plant species. Besides, there fragmentary occur alder stands on lowland areas. The data on the flora of this territory, which includes 437 species of vascular plants from 67 families and 4 divisions, are presented. Ten dominating families of flora (Asreaceae, Poaceae Rosaceae, etc.) include 51.1 % of the forest flora species. A high level of adventization of this flora (19.6 %) has been noted, which is a result of the accessibility of the territory and a significant number of the population of adjacent settlements. Species with a high level of invasiveness include Amorpha fruticosa L., Iva xanthiifolia Nutt., Erigeron annuus (L.) Desf., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Oenothera biennis L., Oxalis stricta L., Reynoutria japonica Houtt., Solidago canadensis L., Solanum nigrum L. They most often occur along forest roads, on meadows, in places of selective cuttings, on the fringes of the forest. On the periphery of the forest, a number of species were found which have fallen out of cultivation – Berberis aquifolium Pursh, Datura stramonium L. Gaillardia pulchella Foug., Ricinus communis L., Vitis vinifera L. The data on the rare plant species of this territory are given. There are 34 rare taxa, the most valuable of which are the representatives of the families Orchidaceae, Ranunculaceae, Poaceae. Five species of plants of the forest (Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó, D. incarnata (L.) Soó, Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz, Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich., Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. Sl) are listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine. It is proposed to create a new object of the nature reserve fund of the Kyiv region – a regional landscape park "Streams" ("Potoky") on a part of this territory, with further plans to create an administration, security service and develop a management plan for resource management of the object.
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