-The single and combined effects of polymorphism in the 5'-noncoding region of the bovine growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene was examined on the traits related to feed intake and meat production in beef cattle. Four different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were analysed. Seventy-one young bulls belonging to four beef breeds (Charolais, Limousin, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford) and one dual purpose breed (Simmental) were included in the study. The traits analysed were daily weight gain, feed intake and conversion, and carcass parameters. The results showed that genetic variants at the 5'-noncoding region of the bovine GHR gene had a marked effect on beef production traits. The (-) allele at the polymorphic AluI site appeared favourable for weight of carcass and percentage of valuable cuts. The animals with the +/+ genotype for the RFLP-AccI polymorphism seemed better for the percent of lean in valuable cuts, while those with the +/+ genotype at the polymorphic Fnu4HI site appeared superior for daily gain and feed conversion during the feed test period. A higher percent of lean in valuable cuts was shown for the bulls of the -/-genotypes at the NsiI site. In addition, statistically significant associations were shown between combined GHR genotypes and feed consumption, carcass weight and dimensions.growth hormone receptor / gene polymorphism / cattle / meat production traits Résumé -Polymorphisme dans la région 5' non codante du gène du récepteur de l'hormone de croissance associé aux caractères de production de viande chez les bovins. L'effet du polymorphisme dans la région 5' non codante du gène du récepteur de l'hormone de croissance bovine (GHR) sur les caractères associés à la consommation de fourrage et à la production de viande chez les bovins de boucherie a été examiné. Quatre polymorphismes nucléotidiques simples (SNP ; single nucleotide polymorphisms) différents ont été analysés. Soixante et onze jeunes taureaux appartenant à 4 races bovines à viande (Charolaise, Limousine, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford) et une race bovine mixte (Simmental) ont été inclus dans l'étude. Les caractéristiques suivantes ont été analysées: gain moyen quotidien, consommation de fourrage, indice de consommation et qualité de la carcasse. Les résultats montrent que les variants génétiques pour la région 5' non codante du gène
Abstract. The study included 177 Polish Friesian cattle with an over 75% Holstein proportion – 117 heifers and 60 young bulls 250 days old. The animals were progeny of 27 AI Holstein sires. All individuals were housed in a tie stall and fed ad libitum silage, hay and concentrate until the 7th month of age. From the 7th to the 8th month of age the animals of both sexes received an ad libitum full concentrate diet. Almost in the all cases the activities of lysosomal enzymes were higher in heifers (except NAG, BGAL, AP). The 48 h starvation did not influence AAP, LAP, AP, LL, BGLU activity in bulls and BGRD, BGAL, BGLU and NAG in heifers.
The study was conducted on Polish Merino (143♀ and 39♂) and old-type Polish Merino sheep (176♀ and 61♂) in Brylewo flock (Wielkopolskie Province). The examined sheep were at the age of one year. Prion protein (PrP) genotype was determined in all animals. In both breeds four alleles (ARR, ARQ, AHQ, VRQ) were found. Highly significant effect of breed and insignificant impact of gender within breed was observed in regard to the frequency of occurrence of alleles and genotypes susceptible to classical scrapie in the sheep. Eight different PrP genotypes in Polish Merino and nine genotypes in old-type Polish Merino were identified. Very high frequency of ARR/ARR genotype in old-type Polish Merino and high frequency of ARR/ARQ genotype in Polish Merino were found, with relatively significant frequency of occurrence of the genotypes containing VRQ allele. In old-type Polish Merino, three animals (of both genders) had VRQ/VRQ genotype. Breeding work involving elimination of animals encoding valine at codon 136, and introduction of rams with ARR allele to the population increased the frequency of occurrence of ARR/ARR genotype and ARR allele in the population of old-type Polish Merino. To improve the distribution of the genotypes genetically resistant to scrapie in the flock of Polish Merino only rams with ARR/ARR genotype were left. This guarantees an increase in the frequency of occurrence of genotypes genetically resistant to scrapie in the offspring.
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