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Large animal models are important tools for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) research, especially in studies of hepatic vasculature, interventional techniques, and radiofrequency or microwave hyperthermia. Currently, diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced HCC in pigs is the only large animal model for in situ HCC with a tumor latency of 10–26 months. While phenobarbital (PB) is often used to accelerate DENA-induced HCC in rodents, it has not been previously studied in the porcine model. Therefore, we hypothesize that the addition of PB in the DENA-induced HCC porcine model will accelerate tumor latency compared to DENA alone. HCC and benign lesions were seen on serial MRI and confirmed on histopathology. Liver and tumors were further characterized by CT angiography, vascular corrosion casting, and permittivity measurements.

Background Diabetic foot infection, particularly osteomyelitis, is a major risk factor of amputation in persons with diabetes. Bone biopsy with microbial examination is considered the gold standard of diagnosis of osteomyelitis, providing information about the offending pathogens as well as their antibiotics susceptibility. This allows targeting of these pathogens with narrow spectrum antibiotics, potentially reducing emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Percutaneous fluoroscopy guided bone biopsy allows accurate and safe targeting of the affected bone. Methods In a single tertiary medical institution and over 9 year period, we performed 170 percutaneous bone biopsies. We retrosepctively reviewed the medical record of these patients including patients' demographics, imaging and biopsy microbiology and pathollogic results. Results Microbiological cultures of 80 samples (47.1%) were positive with 53.8% of the positive culture showed monomicrobial growth and the remaining were polymicrobial. Of the positive bone samples 71.3% grew Gram‐positive bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen from positive bone cultures with almost one third showing methicillin resistence. Enterococcus species were the most frequently isolated pathogens from polymicrobial samples. Enterobacteriaceae species were the most common Gram‐negative pathogens and were more common in polymicrobial samples. Conclusions Percutaneous image‐guided bone biopsy is a low‐risk, minimally invasive procedure that can provide valuable information about microbial pathogens and therefore enable targeting these pathogens with narrow spectrum antibiotics.

Stroke is usually the sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain. A stroke occurs when part of the brain loses its blood supply and stops working. This causes the part of the body that it controls to stop working as well. There are several treatments for the stroke like endovascular treatments, surgical treatments etc. but the best treatment for the paralysis, strokes, is the physiotherapy. Usually, the therapy is done manually with an assistant. We propose a method in which the physiotherapy is done automatically with the help of simple mechanisms. This consists of a chair setup in which the patients are made to sit and the arms and the legs of the chair is given motion, so that the patients arms and legs move at a relative speed so that the treatment is done effectively.

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