The results of long-term research on the use of drained lowland peat and developed soils in feed production in the North-East of the European part of Russia are presented. The main agroecological technologies for the production of high-quality feed in soil-protective crop rotations, long-term pastures on drained low-lying peat soils and methods for using developed peatlands in intensive haymaking mode are proposed.
In this article, on the example of a pasture area in 1935, zaluzheniya, theoretical provisions and practical developments on the creation and use of long-term cultural pastures (DCP) on a drained low-lying peat deposit are presented. The paper shows the environmental and soil protection role of a long-term pasture ecosystem in preserving and extending the life of a peat deposit used as soil. It is noted the peculiarity of the system of grass stand care, the uniqueness of its species diversity, the influence of various factors on the consumption of pasture phytomass by lactating cows. A special place is given to the assessment of the physiological state of grazing animals, their productivity and reproductive functions.
In the context of the implementation of environmental, resource-saving systems of agriculture, research in the system of biogeocenosis is very relevant: soil – plant-feed-animal-livestock products. Peatlands and developed peat soils are a kind of environment for human activity in this system. As a result of many years of research, it was found that perennial grasses grown on peat soils have differences in chemical composition compared to plants grown on mineral soils. They contain more organic matter and raw protein. However, their digestibility of nutrients is lower than in herbs grown on mineral soils. Therefore, for a full-fledged balanced feeding of cows, the realization of the genetic potential of animal productivity, and the preservation of their health, scientifically-based diets are necessary, developed on the basis of bulky feeds obtained from peat and developed soils, with the introduction of appropriate feed additives in them.
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