Since December 2019, a de novo pattern of pneumonia, later named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused grave upset throughout the global population. COVID-19 is associated with several comorbidities; thus, preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting those comorbidities along with the causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), seem imperative. In this state-of-the-art review, edible and medicinal mushrooms are featured in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pathomanifestations, and comorbid issues. Because this is not an original research article, we admit our shortcomings in inferences. Yet we are hopeful that mushroom-based therapeutic approaches can be used to achieve a COVID-free world. Among various mushroom species, reishi or lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) seem most suitable as anti-COVID agents for the global population.
Bangladesh is one of the top refugee-hosting countries of the world and adversely affected by the COVID-19. This paper aims to identify how the COVID-19 pandemic affects the Rohingya refugee and expose the vulnerability that challenges SDGs. The study follows a system approach grounded on a sustainable development model and uses secondary sources of data. The study found that fragmented and random policies in refugee crisis management during the COVID-19 reveals the policy lacks structural fragility due to inadequate policy and programs. Besides, the limited number of health care, food, education, washing facilities, housing, and the utilization of inferior materials in camps put pressure on the refugee health, education, and well-being during COVID-19. It also reduces the monetary funds, which affects humanitarian support, and limits the aid to SDGs in refugee camps due to restrictive policies. Moreover, refugees' inability to include an inclusive social security system is far from existing social inequality. This paper calls for robust policies and programs with adequate funding for structural logistics and effective service delivery in refugee management for their future well-being and promoting SDGs in refugee camps.
The article observes the current changes of the refugee crisis after the effect of COVID 19 that can lead to a growing crisis of more than 79.5 million refugee and displaced people across the world. The study aims to examine the prevailing and forthcoming challenges of refugees and displaced people. A systematic review was followed to conduct the study and articles were selected based on their inclusion criteria. There is a growing need to understand the refugee crisis coupled with the necessity to design practical resolutions. The study found institutional and financial support are the main drivers for the refugee management in their distress voyage. These are challenged due to the adverse effect of the COVID 19 epidemic and the current downturn of the world economy. The study tries to stress the array of institutions that are working on the support for the refugees and displaced people that are challenging and can result in a crisis in the future. The paper concludes with an argument about the changing scenario of policies for migration which are restricting and changing due to the existing pandemic which demands synergistic performance within the government to manage the crisis.
Millions of Rohingya were forced to flee their home and became effectively stateless due to countless violations and vulnerabilities in Myanmar. Their future has become jeopardized with a profusion of uncertainties; however, like other displaced people, Rohingya also got media attention when disaster and conflicts forced them to flee. This study aims to explore and classify the determinant factors that push the Myanmar government to force the Rohingya to flee. It also explores the indicators that moulded the South and Southeast Asian geopolitics. The research intends to categorize the conditions that triggered the Rohingya crisis, while the regional geopolitics capture Rohingya as a proxy to intensify the regional proximity. The study found that Rohingya seek opportunities for rights while financial and institutional inability bewildering to respond to their needs and increase the proximity of evasive commitments for the next move by the national and regional government. It is also evident that the plight of these people is precarious and vulnerable, where the provision of legal protection is rare. The great powers of this area intentionally avoid the issue and indirectly influence the countries to increase the regional security tension by supporting armament. This issue dramatically influences the domestic and regional politics of South and Southeast Asian countries and redefines their mutual relationships with the great powers. The study provides a glimpse of the polarization and politicization of the Rohingya minority in the regional security and geopolitical context.
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