The study conducted on 400 aborted women and 30 healthy women as control groups. All these cases were defined as suspected with Toxoplasma gondii and examined by measuring IgG & IgM serum level when attended to Public Health Laboratory, in An-Najaf province from November 2015 to May 2016.seventy eight out of 400 (19.5 %) women were found infected with T. gondii by this test, only 23 positive samples were used in polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism for detection genotypes of T. gondii strains By use three restriction enzymes MseI to nested PCR products GRA6 and BsiE1 & TaqI to nested PCR BTUB products, to detected strain types of Toxoplasma gondii. The results are : 13 of type I (60%), 6 of type II (25 %), and 4 of type III (15%). This can provide possible additional studies of high importance, as they will provide better understanding of the different strains of parasite genotypes is present in samples and how different genotypes are circulating nature. All the evidence provided might be helpful for showing the association between strains type of T. gondii and toxoplasmosis in infected women and aid in providing preventive actions.

This study showed the protective role of the phenolic extract of Urtica dioica and silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) on the hepatotoxicity effect via carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) within white male rats. Hundred and ten male albino rats weighing (200-250g) and aged (10-17week). Animals were housed in the animal house of faculty of Science/University of Kufa under control condition; light 12 and 12 dark hours and temperature (24±2C°).Animals divided into four groups as follows the control groups, carbon tetrachloride groups, phenolic extract groups, and silver nanoparticles, groups. Subdivided groups above depending on the concentration (250 and 500mg/kg) of phenolic extract, (10 and 5mg/kg) of silver nanoparticles for (two and three) month add to dosage after and before induced by carbon tetrachloride (five animals per group).The current study revealed the occurrence of a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the level of regucalcin when the administered by phenolic extract and silver nanoparticles for (two and three months) compared with carbon tetrachloride group. Highly significant (p≤0.05) with the concentration of the (500mg/kg) for phenolic extract and (10mg/kg) for silver nanoparticles, and no significant observed between extract and silver nanoparticles for (two and three months) and before and after induced by the carbon tetrachloride.

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The present study was conducted to show the protective and treated effects of astaxanthin in male rats induced by formaldehyde. The total numbers of male rats include ninety one (91) males, weighing (190-300) mg, aged (15-17) weeks. The animals were housed in animal house of college of science / University of Kufa from period February 2018 to July 2018. The animal were divided into two groups protective group total male rats were (36) and treated group (55) male rats. The result sowed a significant increase (p< 0.05) in Asparatate tranasaminase(AST), Alanine transaminase(ALT) and Alkaline phsphatase (ALP) levels in formaldehyde group whene compared with control group and significant decrease (p< 0.05) in protective and treated groups of astaxanthin 250 and 500 mg/kg as compared with control group and formaldehyde groups. The study of biomarkers also showed a significant increase (p< 0.05) in Regucalcin(RUG), 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine(8-OHGD) and Myeloperoxidase(MPO0 levels in formaldehyde group as compared with control group and showed a significant decrease (p< 0.05) in all biomarkers when compared of astaxanthin & formaldehyde with formaldehyde group and non-significant difference (p<0.05 when compared with control group. The present study roles of Astaxanthin asprotective and treatment were documented by decrement by liver enzyme AST,ALT and ALP also some biomarkers also Creatinine after increment by formaldehyde.

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