No abstract

Background: To determine the effect of essential oil obtained from a traditionally used medicinal plant Tridax procumbens L, on lung metastasis developed by B16F-10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods: Parameters studied were toxicity, lung tumor nodule count, histopathological features, tumor directed capillary vessel formation, apoptosis and expression levels of P 53 and caspase-3 proteins. Results: In vitro the MTT assay showed cytotoxicity was found to be high as 70.2% of cancer cell death within 24hrs for 50µg. In vivo mice. Formation of tumor directed new blood vessels was also found to be inhibited to about 39.5%. TUNEL 53 and caspase-3 expression was also found to be greater in the essential oil treated group than the normal and cancer group. Conclusions: Tridax procumbens L on tumor directed angiogenesis and inducing effect on apoptosis warrant further studies at the molecular level Tridax procumbens L for anticancer therapy.

Current investigation is to evaluate the anticancer activity of the essential oil of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) on B16F-10 melanoma cell line injected C57BL/6 mice, and it was simultaneously treated with the essential oil of P. amboinicus (Lour) (50 μg/dose) via i.p. for 21 days. The present investigation exhibited the potent chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive effect of the essential oil of P. amboinicus (Lour) over lung metastasis that developed. To our knowledge, this is the first report in evaluating the effect of essential oil of P. amboinicus (Lour) using lung cancer model.

Chemoprevention is regarded as one of the most promising and realistic approaches in the prevention of cancer. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an active metabolite of vitamin A under the family retinoids, derived by irreversible oxidation of retinol (vitamin A), the parent compound for all natural retinoids. The aim of the present study is to divulge the chemopreventive and chemoprotective nature of ATRA during benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) induced lung cancer development in BALB/c mice. Administration of B(a)P (50 mg/kg body weight) to mice resulted in increased lipid peroxides (LPO), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and nitric oxide (NO) with concomitant decrease in the levels of tissue anti-oxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH) and vitamin C. ATRA supplementation (0.585 mg/kg body weight) attenuated all these alterations, which indicates the anti-cancer effect that was further confirmed by histopathological analysis. Overall, the above data show that the anti-cancer effect of ATRA is more pronounced when used as an chemopreventive agent against B(a)P-induced lung carcinogenesis.

Aim of the study was to determine the effect of essential oil of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) on lung metastasis developed by B16F-10 melanoma cell line in C57BL/6 mice. The essential oil extracted by hydro distillation method was evaluated by GC-MS for its bioactive compounds. Male C57BL/6 mice were injected with B16F-10 melanoma cells through tail vein and simultaneously treated with the essential oil of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck). The selected dose of drug (50 µg of essential oil) showed its cytotoxicity on B16 F-10 melanoma cell line with 65.17% of death within 24hrs in-vitro. We observed a statistically significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells in essential oil treated group when compared with the normal and cancer control groups. We have also observed an increased level of expression of apoptosis inducing molecules such as p53 and caspase-3 in treated group when compared to cancer group as an indicator of utilization of such molecules for inducing apoptosis. The present investigations indicate the effect of essential oil of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) in suppressing the metastatic potential of B16F-10 cells in lungs as well as tumor directed angiogenesis. It has shown a powerful apoptotic effect by increasing the levels of p53 and caspase-3 enhancing apoptotic nuclei and thereby it inhibits cancer progress. This drug can be therefore taken as a key therapeutic agent to treat cancer in future with extensive molecular studies.