Today hazardous waste management has become one of the most challenging tasks to this technological world because tons of organic pollutants including various carcinogens are being exposed without the sufficient treatment. Electrocoagulation (EC) due to some advantages over chemical coagulation is becoming a popular process to be used for treatment of organic pollutants especially when pollutants are toxic. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of current density, reaction time, initial concentration, addition of sodium chloride and magnetic field intensity oriented in two different directions on both removal efficiency of methomyl and the energy consumption. Current density mA/cm was recommended from economic point of view as well as 3.5 g/L NaCl concentration. Magnetic field in parallel direction effects positive in contrary of perpendicular direction where the removal efficiency reached to % in min when 0.041T was applied in a parallel direction.
Electrocoagulation (EG) is effective in breaking oily water emulsions. New anode design in the EG of oily wastewater lube oil emulsion is investigated. In this study, EG using aluminum sacrificial anode was used for the treatment of oily emulsion. A multi layers 5 discs rotating Al disc with 7 cm in diameter and each layer is 0.5 cm apart is designed to be used as an anode. Variables considered were the disc anode rotational speed (from 250 to 1000 r.p.m), NaCl amount as electrolyte dose (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 g/3litre), pH (ranged from 3 to11), oil emulsion concentration (250 to 1000 ppm). It was found that the percent of oil removal is decreased by the increase of rotating speed (> 750 r.p.m) and NaCl dose (1g/3lit.) while it increase by the increase in pH of the emulsion (>3). The maximum percent removal (79 %) is obtained at pH=9, initial oil concentration = 1000 ppm and r.p.m=750. A comparison of the obtained results were another values of anodes of different shape is held. A treatment of the considered cutting oil is completed at initial concentration of 10 mg Al/g oil, with a slight positive effect of the liquid flow rate. Best results are also obtained with initial pH near 7. Other comparison was carried out with different EG techniques.
This review article looks at past research on monitoring and reducing the carbon footprint (CFP). A meta-analysis approach was used to review different methods. The scope of the work was concentrated on the available published data for different campus locations: the BITS Pilani campus (in India), the AUS campus in Sharjah (in the UAE), King's College London (in the UK), and St. Edward's University (in the USA). Clemson University, USA Electricity consumption contributes a significant percentage of the CFP, with the AUS campus consuming 58,773 MWh of electricity annually, equivalent to 61% of the total emissions. At Clemson University, emissions from electricity generation were 38,718 MTCO2eq, and on the BITS Pilani campus, 16,500 MTCO2eq. This indicates that electricity consumption has improved greatly when it comes to decreasing CFP. The findings indicate that while some progress has been made, there is still much room for improvement. The paper highlights the limitations and challenges of existing methods and provides valuable insights and recommendations for future research. The review serves as a resource for educators, researchers, and
Exposure to electromagnetic fields has been a concern for decades, with regulations establishing upper limits. Various standardization bodies have developed regulatory guidelines setting limits to exposure to electromagnetic fields. This work uses the electromagnetic field meter (GQ EMF 390). The device EMF 390 is installed with multiple sensors to ensure maximum range measurement. The Faculty of Graduate Studies and Environmental Research (GSER) was selected as a case study. GSER starts its steps toward sustainability. One of these steps is to measure and evaluate the emission level of the Electric Field (EF), Radiofrequency (RF), and finally Electromagnetic Field (EMF). The results of this work are the room of Staff room-9 (STF9) is more than 80 V/m. The library which had a maximum rate of occupancy, achieve EF of 50 V/m. When the safe limits of EF values ranging from 1-10 V/m. The minimum value of EF (5 V/m) was observed in Staff room-6 (STF6). The IT rooms achieved acceptable RF values, ranging from 0.001-1 mW/m 2 . The room of the Basic Science Department (BSD) had a value of EMF of 8 mG. Meanwhile, the safe limits and EMF values range from 0.5 to 1 mG. The study explains that the BSD room had high measures
Once pharmaceutical wastes are released into the sewage network, antibiotics can have several negative effects, such as promoting the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and disrupting natural microbial communities in water bodies. Linezolid is particularly concerning because it is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that targets a wide range of bacteria, including those resistant to other antibiotics. This means that linezolid may be more likely to contribute to the decreasing the huge number of strains of bacteria in the environment, that are used to decrease BOD values in wastewater streams. Linezolid is manufactured at many sites in Egypt, the study was started at the end of 2021, and it continued until the first quarter of 2022, in a pharmaceutical factory located in El Obour city. In this work, Reverse Osmosis (RO) is used to remove pharmaceutical pollutants such as linezolid antibiotics from waste that is drained of the pharmaceutical facility. The Results show that RO can remove significant amounts of linezolid from wastewater, with removal efficiencies ranging from 78% to 95%. The removal efficiency is affected by several factors. The factors under investigation are temperature, initial concentration of the pollutant (linezolid antibiotic), conductivity, and the total hardness of the influent of the wastewater. The maximum removal efficiency was discussed according to the optimum parameter, temperature 26 Cº, initial concentration 3 ppb, conductivity 500 µS/cm, and finally the optimum total hardness was obtained
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