OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is one of the common constituents of our daily food. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of ethanolic extract of Rhizomes of curcuma longa in alloxan induced diabetic rats and compared with of Pioglitazone, which is the standard anti-diabetic agent. METHODS: Alloxan monohydrate is used to induce diabetes mellitus in albino rats in the dose of 120mg/kg i.p. and anti-diabetic activity of turmeric was studied by following study design. The rats are divided into 6 groups and each group contains 6 rats (N= 6) as follows. Group I: Normal control Given normal saline (10ml/kg/day). Group II: Diabetic control Given normal saline (10ml/kg/day). Group III: Euglycemic rats Given turmeric extract (300mg/kg/day). Group IV: Diabetic rats Given turmeric extract (300mg/kg/day). Group V: Diabetic control Given turmeric extract (500mg/kg/day). Group VI: Diabetic rats Given Pioglitazone (6mg/kg/day) Study was conducted for a period of 28 days and all the drugs were given orally once daily. Blood glucose levels were estimated at 1, 3, 5, 7 hrs. (acute study) and 7, 14, 21, 28 days (chronic study). The body weights of the rats in every groups recorded weekly and general behavior and health of the animal were monitored carefully. The data was analyzed statistically using student's paired and unpaired t-test. RESULTS: Ethanolic extract of turmeric produced significant ( p < 005 ) decreases in blood glucose levels on 7 th , 14 th , 21 th and 28 days in diabetic
Original Research ArticleA study of clinical and functional outcome of primary total knee arthroplasty using posterior cruciate substitute design Radhakrishna A. M., Shivananda S., Girish S.* INTRODUCTIONThe common causes of arthritis of the knee include osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, post traumatic arthritis or secondary osteoarthritis and other types of inflammatory arthritis. The prevalence of arthritis including osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) continues to increase with age. In most arthritic knees, some degree of instability, deformity, contracture or a combination of these elements, can be found. 1-3Total knee replacement is a safe and successful operation for the treatment of advanced knee joint degeneration. 4Total knee arthroplasty is becoming increasingly popular worldwide due to improvements in technology and durability of implants and has become a standard and dependable method of treating severe knee ABSTRACT Background: To study the clinical and functional outcome in a consecutive series of Total Knee Arthroplasty using Posterior cruciate substituting (PS) design using the Knee Society Score(KSS). The objectives of the study was 1) To assess the improvement in pain relief post-operatively, stability, mobility of the joint and to assess the correction of deformities. 2) To compare the knee clinical score (KCS) pre-operatively and post-operatively. 3) To compare the knee functional score (KFS) pre-operatively and post-operatively. 4) To assess the radiological outcome of total knee arthroplasty. 5) To study the association between the KCS and the KFS. Methods: The study was conducted on patients who have undergone Primary total knee replacement, in Department of Orthopaedics, KIMS hospital from June 2014 to February 2017. The patient was assessed clinically, functionally using the Knee Society Score and a radiographic evaluation was done. These evaluations were performed at 6weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks and 1year follow up visits. Results: At 1 year follow up of 60 knees, the average pre-op knee clinical score and functional score of 24.7 and 41.2 improved to an average post-op score of 89.9 and 87.8 respectively. Knee clinical and functional score grade of excellent to good was seen in 96.7% (58 knees of 60). Significant association was seen between KCS and KFS. 5 patients had delayed wound healing and one patient had deep infection. Alignment of prosthesis was found satisfactory in all patients. Flexion deformity, valgus and varus correction achieved in all the patients. Conclusions: Total knee arthroplasty using posterior cruciate substituting designs resulted in excellent relief of pain, range of motion, restoration of function, low prevalence of patellofemoral complications and continues to function well during the follow-up period. Improvement in clinical score correlated significantly with improvement in functional score. Knee society scoring system effective in evaluating clinical, functional and radiological outcomes.
OBJECTIVES:To compare and measure the effectiveness of Ultrasound therapy with exercises versus Laser therapy with exercises on affected shoulder in reducing pain which can be measured by Visual Analogue Scale in case of SAIS. To compare and measure the effectiveness of Ultrasound therapy with exercises versus Laser therapy with exercises in evaluating the active range of motion using Universal Goniometer. BACKGROUND: Sub acromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) is a painful condition resulting from the entrapment of anatomical structures between the antero inferior corner of the acromion and the greater tuberosity of the humerus. Van der Windt et al.,(1995) and Vecchio et al.,(1995) have postulated that Sub acromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) of the shoulder is the most common disorder of the shoulder, accounting for 44-65% of all complaints of shoulder pain. Shoulder Impingement syndrome is usually treated conservatively, but sometimes it is treated with arthroscopic surgery or open surgery. Conservative treatment includes rest, cessation of painful activity, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy and physiotherapy focused at maintaining range of movement and avoids shoulder stiffness. NSAID"s and ice packs may be used for pain relief. Therapeutic injections of corticosteroid and local anaesthetic may be used for persistent impingement syndrome. In this study the researcher would like to compare and see the effectiveness of ultrasound with exercises and laser therapy with exercises on SAIS. METHODS: For this study 60 patients with acute SAIS of both the sex were taken. Patients were randomly divided into group A and group B. Group A were treated with US therapy for 5 minutes along with shoulder exercises and Group B were treated with LLLT of Ga-As for 5-6 minutes along with shoulder exercises to maintain ROM within available pain free range. Both the groups were treated 5 times per week for 2 weeks. Patients were evaluated with VAS and ROM on every 3rd day from Day 1st to 15th day. OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain was measured by VAS and ROM of shoulder abduction was measured by Universal Goniometer. The values are compared to see which group has better improvement. The values are statistically analyzed to determine their effect in reducing pain and improving ROM. RESULTS: Both groups showed clinically and statistically significant improvement in VAS and ROM, with p value <0.001**, after 1st to 15th days of physiotherapy intervention. At the end of 15 days of treatment, both the groups were substantially improved over baseline measurement, but Group "B" showed significant improvement compared to Group "A" at 95% confidence interval. CONCLUSION: This experimental study shows that LLLT along with exercise is effective in the treatment of SAIS.
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