Primary storages based on a linear transformer scheme were developed long ago. In this scheme, the secondary turn only has to be insulated from the high output voltage. Seven years ago at the High Current Electronics Institute (HCEI) a primary storage based on a linear transformer scheme and called the Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) stage was designed. In LTD stages, the primary turn, the storage capacitors with the switches, the core, and the outer conductor of the secondary turn are integrated into the stage cavity representing one separate building block of the primary storage. The body of the LTD cavity keeps ground potential during the shot allowing us to assemble them in series or in parallel depending on load requirements. Such flexibility of the storage structure and high output power of the LTD stages allows us to replace for some applications the traditional water line technology with LTD-based primary storages that are connected directly to the load (Direct Drive Scheme—DDS). In this article, we present the design of several LTD stages developed at HCEI and give examples of high-power energy storages produced by using the LTD technology.

The article presents a source producing high-power ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses. The source includes a generator of monopolar pulses, a bipolar pulse former, and a combined ultrawideband transmitting antenna. Monopolar 150-kV, 4.5-ns pulses are transformed into bipolar 120-kV, 1-ns pulses, which are emitted by the antenna. The pulse repetition rate of the setup is up to 100 Hz. The peak power of the source is 170 MW as measured with a TEM-type receiving antenna having 0.2–2 GHz passband. The pattern width of the transmitting antenna at a half-level of peak power is 90° and 105° for the H- and E-planes, respectively. The electric field strength measured 4 m from the transmitting antenna in the direction of the main radiation maximum is 34 kV/m.

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Sources of high-power ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses are described. They consist of a generator of single-polarity pulses, a bipolar pulse former, and a radiating system, for which either a single antenna or a 16-element antenna array is used. The values of the effective potential E p R = 440 kV for the single antenna and 1.7 MV for an array excited by a bipolar pulse with a duration of 2 ns and a repetition rate of 100 Hz are obtained. 1 2 3 4 Fig. 1. External view of source with an antenna array: ( 1 ) generator of unipolar pulses; ( 2 ) former of bipolar pulses; ( 3 ) wave transformer; and ( 4 ) antenna array.

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