The aim of the present investigation is to study the chemical components of two plant species, lantana (Lantana camara) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). Plant materials were extracted successively by using four solvents of ascending polarity (Petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and ethanol, respectively). The fatty acids, unsaponifiable matter, volatile oils, photochemical screening and the active components were determined. The results of this work showed that: 1-The presence of five saturated fatty acid and seven unsaturated fatty acids in Lantana camara, while lemongrass showed seven saturated fatty acids and five unsaturated fatty acids. 2-Lantana camara unsaponifible matter showed the presence of 16 compounds, while lemongrass showed 14 compounds. 3-GC/Ms Lantana camara volatile oil showed the presence of 31 compounds, while lemongrass volatile oil showed 13 compounds. 4-Lantana camara had higher percentage of total sterols (12.23%) than that of lemongrass (6.91%). Total falvonoids were higher in Lantana camara (219.19 mg/g than that lemongrass (17.54mg/g). Total carbohydrates, proteins and fat contents were higher in lemongrass than that Lantana camara.
The protective and remedial effect of certain inorganic salts on powder post beetle, Dinoderus minutus Fab., infesting bamboo wood revealed that intact and infested bamboo wood cuttings treated with different concentrations of each copper sulfate and sodium fluoride gave 100% protection and reduction of infestation when used copper sulfate at concentration 12% (12x10 4 ppm), while sodium fluoride gave 100% protection and infestation reduction at concentration 8% (8 x10 4 ppm). The number of entrance and emergence holes decreased with the increase of salt concentrations which indicates to death of different stages of beetles inside treated bamboo wood by the appropriate concentration of salt used.The amount of consumed and lost wood from infested bamboo wood decreased with the increasein salt concentration. The percentages of lost bamboo wood varied from 5.09 % to 38.1% for copper sulfate at concentrations between 12% and 0.25%, while the percentages of loss wood rangedbetween4.7% to 25% at concentrations 8% and 0.25% respectively for sodium fluoride.
The powder post beetle, Lyctus linearis Goeze, is the member of wood-boring beetles group which belong to family bostrichidae and consider the main cause of the low value and degradation of quality properties of manufactured wood products. The results indicated that chosen artificial diet has consisted of white corn flour (75%), sawdust (15%), dried yeast (5%), sugar (3.5%) and ascorbic acid (1.5%). This artificial medium revealed clear differences in biological activities and was more suitable from natural host to rearing Lyctus linearis beetle for made different investigation studies. Egg incubation period, larval duration, pupal duration, hardness period and the total period of developmental stages were short-lived in artificial diet, while the number of laid eggs by the female was more in comparison natural host. The statistical analysis showed highly significant negative correlation between the temperature and each the different development stages while; the relative humidity gave positive significant correlation with some different developmental stages. Five annual generations were obtained from rearing the beetles on the artificial medium diet. The shortest generation recorded 6 weeks (2 nd generation), while the longest generation recorded 16 weeks (5 th generation).
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