Aqueous humor samples may be used for determining oxidative and antioxidant status in pathologic processes. Glaucomatous eyes had a significant increase in oxidative status and decreased antioxidant activity in the aqueous humor than the cataract eyes. Oxidative stress may play a pathogenical role in the POAG.

We have studied the global risk of retinopathy in a Mediterranean population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, according to clinical, biochemical, and lifestyle biomarkers. The effects of the oral supplementation containing antioxidants/omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) were also evaluated. Suitable participants were distributed into two main groups: (1) T2DMG (with retinopathy (+DR) or without retinopathy (−DR)) and (2) controls (CG). Participants were randomly assigned (+A/ω3) or not (−A/ω3) to the oral supplementation with a daily pill of Nutrof Omega (R) for 18 months. Data collected including demographics, anthropometrics, characteristics/lifestyle, ophthalmic examination (best corrected visual acuity, ocular fundus photographs, and retinal thickness as assessed by optical coherence tomography), and blood parameters (glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglycerides, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity) were registered, integrated, and statistically processed by the SPSS 15.0 program. Finally, 208 participants (130 diabetics (68 +DR/62 −DR) and 78 controls) completed the follow-up. Blood analyses confirmed that the T2DMG+DR patients had significantly higher oxidative stress (p < 0.05), inflammatory (p < 0.05), and vascular (p < 0.001) risk markers than the T2DMG−DR and the CG. Furthermore, the A/ω3 oral supplementation positively changed the baseline parameters, presumptively by inducing metabolic activation and ameliorating the ocular health after 18 months of supplementation.

Postmenopausal women with dry eye have lower corneal thickness values than postmenopausal women without dry eye. Special care must be taken with these reduced corneal thickness values when selecting postmenopausal women for surgery involving corneal photoablation.

The presence of SMD may be a baseline predictive factor for ranibizumab treatment outcomes in BRVO patients, with no influence in the number of treatments needed between patients with or without SMD at baseline. Further studies are needed in order to confirm the role of SMD as an independent predicitive factor in cases of BRVO.

Retinal mapping software of both nerve fiber analyzers allows reproducible measurement of RNFL in both healthy subjects and ocular hypertensive eyes, and shows fair correlations and good intraobserver reproducibility. However, in our study, GDx showed a better test-retest correlation.

In emmetropic corneas the difference between the minimum paracentral thickness and the maximum paracentral thickness was similar to the difference between the central thickness and the minimum paracentral thickness.

Researchers should know of the existence of this difference between noncontact specular microscopy and Orbscan pachymetry when interpreting central corneal thickness values.

This clinical study displays that postoperative tonometry after hyperopic LASIK was significantly lower than the preoperative, hence modifying the reliability of Goldmann tonometry, and causing an intraocular pressure underestimation. A correcting factor should be applied when using applanation tonometry to measure postoperative intraocular pressure in patients who have undergone hyperopic LASIK.