Abstract. In this article, as determinants in the system factors underlying the investment attractiveness of the peat industry is considered a rental factor, which predetermines the significant differences and peculiarities of the investment climate in the mining business and, in particular, in the sphere of peat mining. In contrast to modern studies treated the essence and role of rents in the economic mechanism, is proposed for a new approach to solving the problems of its formation. Our approach differs in that it, firstly, adequate rental relations, objectively in extractive industries, secondly, provides consensus in the interests of the owner of peat deposits and entrepreneurs, businesses in these deposits and, thus, thirdly, contributes to the creation of a favourable investment climate in the peat extraction industry. In practical terms, in accordance with the proposed approach, we have proposed specific allocation algorithm of mining rents from the profits of peat extraction enterprises.
Despite the fact that the problem of rental regulation of more and more becomes the object of scientists and practitioners attention, however, with regard to the results of the study of mining still cannot serve as a robust theoretical basis for the development of practical steps towards the establishment of organizational and economic relations and mechanisms, which would be able to determine the investment attractiveness of extractive activities and, consequently – the motivation to sustainable development. This is largely due to the fact that economic relations in mineral extracting industries, unlike other fields of activity are special. Their determinant is the existence of two types of band property relations, folding, firstly, regarding the ownership and administration of mineral resources, and, secondly, with regard to their use by entrepreneur as object of management. Therefore, between the owner of the subsoil and economic entity, there are special, rental relations in which inherently embedded contradiction in interests. It must and can be resolved solely on the principles of consensus and, we believe, through the institutionalization of these relations, their regulation and administration.
Milled peat harvesting with pneumatic harvesting machines has a number of doubtless advantages over mechanical harvesting: operating time decreases down to 1 day, additional milling of wet peat deposit during the harvesting is not needed, list of necessary machinery decreases. However, in the late 1980s, due to the imperfection of the design of pneumatic machines, this method began to be used less and less frequently. Market appearance of KTT-2 and MPTU-30 pneumatic harvesting machines promoted their introduction into operating processes of peat extractive companies. According to feedback from operators, these machines work well with high-moor peat but work much worse with low- moor peat which is of higher density. One of basic parameters of pneumatic harvesting is suction velocity, that’s why field experiment for evaluation of KTT-2 machine suction nozzle performance was held. Experiment results enabled us to plot velocity diagram of suction flow and find maximum suction velocity: 26.74 m/s. Velocity diagram analysis showed distance from the nozzle – air flow speed relation. We calculated size of suction flow’s active area and offered methods of active area sizing.
Abstract. Improving the performance of transport tractor units in operations for removing peat from production areas is associated with increased body trailers that require the use of drive type trailers with active front wheels. When designing such trailers there were difficulties in determining the transmission ratio and transmission scheme, especially in the case of using tractors with different passport interpretations of a synchronous operating mode with the power take-off shaft (PTS). The article presents the method of calculating the transmission ratio of the drive type trailers depending on the parameters of a synchronous operating mode the power take-off shaft of the tractor. The principle kinematic scheme of driving trailers is justified. Recommendations on selection of transmission units are given.
Following the paradigm of sustainable development presupposes a balanced solution of three tasks: ensuring economic growth, achieving social progress and improving the quality of the environment. However, the solution of environmental and social problems causes restrictions on economic activities. In this regard, there is a need to develop methodological approaches to the formation of organizational and economic relations and mechanisms in order, firstly, to resolve the contradictions between the economic and socio-environmental, and, secondly, to provide motivation to activate investment processes in a direction conducive to achieving goals of sustainable development of subsoil use. The problem of investment attractiveness becomes even more urgent, taking into account the special nature of industrial relations developing in subsoil use, which must be taken into account when implementing the concept of sustainable development.
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