The Bacillus cereus group consists of closely related species
of bacteria and is of interest to researchers due to its importance in industry
and medicine. However, it remains difficult to distinguish these bacteria at
the intra- and inter-species level. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
is a member of the B. cereus group.
In this work, we studied the inter-species structure of five
entomopathogenic strains and 20 isolates of Bt, which were
collected from different geo-ecological regions of Ukraine, using various
methods: physiological and biochemical analyses, analysis of the nucleotide
sequences of the 16S rRNA and gyrB genes, by AP-PCR (BOX and
ERIC), and by saAFLP. The analysis of the 16S rRNA and gyrB
genes revealed the existence of six subgroups within theB.cereus
group: B anthracis, B. cereus I and II,
Bt I and II, and Bt III, and confirmed that
these isolates belong to the genus Bacillus.
All strains were subdivided into 3 groups. Seventeen
strains belong to the group Bt II of commercial, industrial
strains. The AP-PCR (BOX and ERIC) and saAFLP results were in good agreement
and with the results obtained for the 16S rRNA and gyrB
genes. Based on the derived patterns, all strains
were reliably combined into 5 groups. Interestingly, a specific pattern was
revealed by the saAFLP analysis for the industrial strain
Bt 0376 р.о., which is used to produce
the entomopathogenic preparation “STAR-t”.
It was established that the presowing seeds bacterization by complexofbiopreparations–Rhizobophyt,Phosphoenterin,Biopolycyde had increased the grain yield of chickpea cultivars Anthey, Budzhak, Pamyat on 1,5-6,0 c/ha (38,0-53,8 %) in comparison to monoinoculation in field experiments on the background of the introduced population of the chickpea rhizobacteria. For the first time was shown the efficiency of biological defense of chickpea from phytophage Liriomyza cicerina Rd. by entomopathogenic strains. Thus, strain В. thuringiensis 0376 had ensured the decrease of plants infection by phytophage Liriomyza cicerina and had increased the chickpea yield in average on 24,5- 98,5 %.
The strain of entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis 0376 р.о. was selected and used for creation of new preparation STAR-t.Thepreparation`seffectivenessagainstpotatomothwasobserved during the main stages of development of its pest. The treatment of chickpea plants of cultivars Antey, Budjak, Pamyat, Rosanna and Triumf with given preparation resulted in decrease of their lesion with the miner phytophage Liriomyza cicerina and increase of plants productivity on 66,7%, 75,0%, 45,0%, 100,0%, 138,5%, correspondingly in comparison to control.
The methods of control of potato tuber moth quantity have been described. The need for the further study of Phtorimea operculella Zel. biology and ecology and the perspectives of microbial preparations on the base of Bacillus thuringiensis use is shown.
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