The aim of this work was to develop an analytical method to predict total anthocyanins content (TAC) and total phenolic compounds (TPC) in intact wax jambu fruit [Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merryl et Perry] using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and partial least squares (PLS). The estimation accuracy was based on parameters such as root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), correlation coefficients [calibration (rc) and prediction (rp) set] and ratio of performance to deviation (RPD). TAC, rp = 0.98, RMSEP = 9.0 mg L(-1) and RPD = 5.19 were attained using second derivative pre-treatment. TPC, rp = 0.94, RMSEP = 22.18 (mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100g) and RPD = 3.27 (excellent accuracy) were also obtained using second derivative pre-treatment. These findings suggest that the NIRS and PLS algorithms can be used to determine TCA and TPC in intact wax jambu fruit.
Studies on drying of pulps of several tropical fruits in spouted beds had shown advantages in relation to the quality of the products. However, most of the processed pulps presented serious problems of accumulation in the bed and consequently, instability of the spouted bed dynamic. The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of the chemical composition on the spouted bed performance in drying pulps of tropical fruits. Mango pulp ''in natura'' was used as a standard pulp. Modified pulps were obtained 855 increasing the concentrations of reducer sugars, lipids, fibers, starch and pectin. The effect of these compositions on the fluid-dynamic and efficiency of the powder production was investigated using a factorial design. The operational conditions were maintained fixed in all experiments. The efficiency of powder production, the stable spout pressure drop and the minimum spouting flow rate were the responses analyzed. The statistical analysis of the results showed that the concentration of fibers is not a significant variable for the process. The concentrations of reducer sugars and starch showed significant influence on the fluid dynamic and these concentrations together with the lipids and pectin concentrations showed significant influences on the efficiency of powder production.
Biodegradable microspheres used as controlled release systems are important in pharmaceutics. Chitosan biopolymer represents an attractive alternative to other biomaterials because of its significant physicochemical and biological behaviors. Chitosan microspheres are expected to become promising carrier systems for drug and vaccine delivery, especially via oral, mucosal and transdermal routes. Controlling the swelling rate and swelling capacity of the hydrogel and improving the fragile nature of microspheres under acidic conditions are the key challenges that need to be overcome to allow the use of chitosan microspheres for controlled or sustained release specially via these non-invasive administration routes. There have been many studies on the modification of chitosan microsphere structures with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers and new organic-inorganic hybrid systems in order to obtain some improved properties. In this work, microspheres composed of chitosan and nanosized hydrophobic silica commercialized under the name Aerosil R972 were generated by a method consisting of two steps: first, preparation of a macroscopically homogeneous chitosan-hydrophobic silica dispersion by an optimized procedure, and then drying. Spray drying was the technique used here. FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and high resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the microspheres, besides acid stability, moisture sorption capacity, release properties and biological assays. The chitosan-hydrophobic silica composite microspheres showed improved thermal degradation, lower water affinity, better acid stability and ability to retard rifampicin (drug model) release under simulated gastric conditions. In vitro biocompatibility studies indicated low cytotoxicity and low capacity to activate cell production of the proinflammatory mediator nitric oxide, encouraging further studies on the use of the new chitosan-hydrophobic silica composite microspheres as drug carrier systems via oral or nasal routes.
Neste trabalho, foram caracterizados seis tipos de material inerte, utilizados na secagem de polpa de frutas em leito de jorro. Determinou-se o ângulo de repouso das partículas, com e sem adição de água e de polpa de diversas frutas tropicais. Correlacionou-se a escoabilidade com as propriedades das partículas e com a composição química das polpas. Analisou-se a influência do ângulo de repouso sobre o desempenho do secador, no que se refere à produção. Os resultados mostraram que, em geral, as polpas com elevadas concentrações de gordura e sólidos insolúveis e baixos teores de açúcares redutores, facilitam a escoabilidade. Uma análise dos resultados obtidos na secagem de polpa de frutas tropicais, utilizando-se partículas de poliestireno de baixa densidade, como material inerte, mostrou que, embora a escoabilidade permita a obtenção de menores vazões de jorro mínimo, em relação ao desempenho do secador, pode não favorecer uma produção maior de pó.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.