Among sexually transmitted diseases, infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) has become one of the most important. On the other hand, though epidemiological data show that some HPV types are closely associated with cervical cancer, few reports have been found with reference to penile carcinoma because of its rare occurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between HPV infection and penile cancer in Argentina. A retrospective study was carried out on 38 white men with penile squamous-cell carcinoma. Sixty-five archival fixed biopsies taken from 34 primary penile tumors, 25 nodal metastases, 1 skin "satellite" metastasis and 5 histologically normal lymph nodes were used as specimens. HPV detection and typing were carried out by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using generic primers, combined with single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. HPV DNA was found in 71% patients, corresponding 81% of them to "high risk" types, with predominance of HPV 18. Both primary tumors and metastases showed concordance of HPV occurrence and type in both lesions. In 3 patients, HPV 16 was detected not only in primary tumors and metastases, but also in histologically normal lymph nodes. Our data indicate that most penile carcinomas in Argentine patients are etiologically related to HPV, especially to "high risk" genital types. The agreement in HPV detection between primary tumors and metastases suggests a potential viral role in tumor progression. HPV detection in otherwise histologically normal lymph nodes might be useful as early marker of a metastatic process.
Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most commonly found agents of congenital infections. Primary maternal infection is associated with risk of symptomatic congenital diseases, and high morbidity is frequently associated with very low birth weight. Neonates with asymptomatic infection develop various sequelae during infancy. This is the first Argentine study performed in neonates with congenital and postnatal HCMV infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with different pairs of primers, to detect cytomegalovirus isolated in tissue cultures and directly in urine and dried blood spot (DBS) specimens. Results were compared with IgM detection.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and to evaluate the persistence of viral DNA after diathermic large loop excision (DLLE) treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Biopsies from 36 patients with low- and high-grade CIN lesions were studied before and after DLLE treatment looking for HPV sequences. DNA was extracted to perform a radioactive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using GP 5,6 generic primers. PCR products were analyzed by the single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) which is a simultaneous detection and typing method. Dot-blot hybridization with generic and type-specific biotinylated oligonucleotide probes was applied in some cases. RESULTS: HPV DNA was found in all pretreatment samples, and the viral type was identified in 80% of them, HPV 16 being the most prevalent. The viral type coincided with that detected in the first biopsy in all except one case. Seventy five percent of the patients (27 cases) were negative for CIN at follow up, but 50% of them remained HPV DNA positive. CONCLUSION: DLLE treatment was effective in removing the CIN lesion but not the HPV. This fact points out the need to asses the presence of HPV in DNA during the follow-up, since viral persistence has been considered a high risk factor for recurrence and/or malignant transformation.
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