No abstract

The NC-nacnacH ligand (2) was prepared by the deprotonation of the unsymmetrically N5-phenyl, N1-2,6-diisopropylphenyl substituted bis(imino) acetylacetonate nacnacH system (1) with n-butyllithium followed by cyanation with tosyl cyanide. Subsequent deprotonation (KH) gave the [NC-nacnac]K salt (3), which was transmetalated by reacting it with CpZrCl3(dme), to yield the complex (NC-nacnac)CpZrCl2 (5). Addition of one molar equivalent of B(C6F5)3 gave [(C6F5)3B-NC-nacnac]CpZrCl2 (6). The compounds 2, 5, and 6 were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Activation of 5 with MAO gave an active homogeneous Ziegler−Natta catalyst for ethylene polymerization. The (NC-nacnac)CpZrCl2/MAO system is ca. 7 times more active than the CN-free reference system (nacnac)CpZrCl2 (4)/MAO. The B(C6F5)3-containing system 6/MAO has an activity similar to 5/MAO but allows for much lower MAO concentration before the catalytic activity ceases.

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We designed, synthesized, and evaluated novel 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine derivatives for their prospective role as antitumor compounds. Using simple and efficient methodologies, 31 compounds were obtained. We tested these compounds in vitro to draw conclusions about their cell toxicity on seven cancer cells lines and one non-neoplastic cell line. Structural requirements for antitumor activity on two different cancer cell lines were analyzed with SAR and 3D-QSAR. The 3D-QSAR models showed that steric properties could better explain the cytotoxicity of compounds than electronic properties (70% and 30% of contribution, respectively). From this analysis, we concluded that an arylpiperazinyl system connected at position 6 of the purine ring is beneficial for cytotoxic activity, while the use of bulky systems at position C-2 of the purine is not favorable. Compound 7h was found to be an effective potential agent when compared with a currently marketed drug, cisplatin, in four out of the seven cancer cell lines tested. Compound 7h showed the highest potency, unprecedented selectivity, and complied with all the Lipinski rules. Finally, it was demonstrated that 7h induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest at the S-phase on HL-60 cells. Our study suggests that substitution in the purine core by arylpiperidine moiety is essential to obtain derivatives with potential anticancer activity.

A dual photocatalytic protocol was developed to generate acyl radicals from readily available aldehydes via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). Synergistic cooperation, being supported by DFT studies, between earth-abundant iron(III)chloride and 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) to activate the aldehyde for a HAT step proved to be an efficient, economic, and green route for the hydroacylation of electron-deficient alkenes under UV-light irradiation with broad functional group compatibility. This methodology can be conveniently scaled up and applied to produce valuable materials from renewable feedstock chemicals.