SIBO was more frequent in patients with IBS as compared to healthy controls. D-IBS subtype, female gender & bloating were predictors of SIBO in patients with IBS.
Background: Gastric varices are found in patients with portal hypertension. Incidence of bleeding from gastric varices is relatively low, but tends to be more severe, and is associated with higher mortality than esophageal variceal bleeding. Aims and objectives: To compare the prevalence and types of gastric varices in cirrhosis versus extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) and the results of endoscopic N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBC, glue) injection. Methods: Eighty six patients presenting with bleeding from gastric varices between August 2010 and August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of 86 patients, 65% (n = 56) were cirrhotics and 35% (n = 30) had EHPVO. Distribution of types of gastric varices showed GOV1 in 14% (n = 8) of cirrhotics vs. 7% (n = 2) of EHPVO, GOV2 in 80% (n = 45) of cirrhotics vs. 53% (n = 16) of EHPVO, IGV1 in 40% (n = 12) of patients with EHPVO vs. 4% (n = 2) cirrhotics. The patients were treated with NBC injections. The mean volume of glue injected was 3.7 ± 2.58 ml over a median of 1 session (range: 1-8). The total volume of glue required was lower in cirrhotics (3.2 ± 2 ml vs. 4.7 ± 3.1 ml, p < 0.05) than in EHPVO patients. Twenty (36%) of cirrhotics required >1 sessions of glue injection as compared to 17 (57%) of EHPVO patients. Over mean follow up of 12 months, rebleeding (9% vs. 10%) and mortality (11% vs. 3%) were similar in patients with cirrhosis and EHPVO. Conclusions: In patients with bleeding from gastric varices, GOV2 is more common in cirrhotics and IGV1 in patients with EHPVO. Patients with EHPVO required higher total volume of glue and more glue sessions for gastric varix obturation. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2013;3:19-23)
To study the incidence of transient lactose intolerance in children below 24 months and to determine the need of discontinuation of breast feeding and necessity of lactose free formula. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Randomly selected 100 children below 24 months of age, who were admitted in department of pediatrics, S.S. Medical College and Associated G.M. Hospital Rewa, 70 of them were grouped as cases with diarrhea, abdominal distention, vomiting, perianal excoriation and 30 were age and sex matched control. After collection of stool, pH, reducing substances in stool was determined and osazone test was performed to identify the types of reducing substances. RESULT: Out of 70 cases with diarrhoea, 22 (31.4%) were found to have evidence of lactose intolerance. Besides loose motion, in lactose intolerance positive cases, most common presenting symptoms were abdominal distention, perianal excoriation and vomiting. Incidence of lactose intolerance was less in children who were on exclusive breast feeding till 6 months. In lactose intolerance positive as well as negative group duration of diarrhea after admission was same inspite of continuation of breast feeding. CONCLUSION:-Presence of abdominal distention, frothy character of stool, and perianal excoriation are suggestive of lactose intolerance. Lactose free formula and withdrawal of breast milk are not necessary in children with acute diarrhea and persistent diarrhea having transient lactose intolerance.
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