This is the first paper in a three-part series on mixed region vapor stripping (MRVS) for in situ treatment of fine-grained soils contaminated by volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this paper, the MRVS process is described followed by the results of laboratory experiments in which the efficiency of MRVS for removing trichloroethene (TCE) was measured. These experiments revealed that MRVS could rapidly remove >90% of the initial TCE from fine-grained, silty clay soils (>80% silt and clay particles, and hydraulic conductivity cm s-'). A spherical diffusion model for TCE mass removal during MRVS was developed and used to simulate the measured reductions in soil TCE level as a function of treatment time. The conceptual model for VOC transport was subsequently used to simulate VOC removals measured in the MRVS field tests. The field-scale evaluation of MRVS is the subject of the second paper, while model simulations of field VOC removals are described in the third paper in this series.
The focus of this paper is to present a review of recent developments in the modeling of NO, absorbers and strippers. The fundamental concepts of design and process simulation for this specialized area of mass transfer are developed. This review and conceptual analysis is intended to provide simple designlsimulution equations and to present the usefulness and limitations of these equations. This activity is useful because of the interrelationships between mass transfer and the complexity of the NO,-HNO,-H,O chemical system.
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