Performance models for NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> absorbers/strippers

Counce, Robert M.; Crawford, Douglas B.; Lucero, A.J.; Sickles, J.E.

doi:10.1002/ep.670090215

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The main products in the gas phase include NO, NO 2 , N 2 O 3 , N 2 O 4 , HNO 2 , and HNO 3 . 27 NO is almost insoluble in the solution, thus, if NO is converted into NO 2 or in the presence of NO 2 , it can be further absorbed by a wet method. N 2 O 4 is also the production in the gas phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Zhou

Feng

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Marine diesel engines produce exhaust gas including a lot of SO2 and NOx. This paper proposes a process that is capable of removing NOx and SO2 simultaneously; this process utilizes ozone oxidation and an alkaline countercurrent packed scrubber. Ozone decomposition, oxidation properties of NOx, and removal efficiency of NOx and SO2 were investigated, and the optimal factors were established. The reaction mechanism and products for simultaneous desulfurization and denitration were deduced. Results show that the ozone decomposition rate depends on exhaust gas temperature and initial concentration of ozone. Oxidation efficiency of NOx decreases as temperature rose and initial concentration of ozone reduced. The presence of SO2 has little influence on NO conversion process. CO(NH2)2 is the best reducing additive to reduce the consumption of ozone. The optimal factors for SO2-reduction and NOx-reduction were achieved, such as temperature of 150 °C, stoichiometric ratio between ozone and NO of 0.6, and pH about of 8 by alkaline absorption. With this method, about 93% NOx and close to 100% SO2 can be removed at same time and regulations of the international maritime organization (IMO) can be met.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed reaction of NOx in alkaline solution is shown in Figure . The main products in the gas phase include NO, NO 2 , N 2 O 3 , N 2 O 4 , HNO 2 , and HNO 3 . NO is almost insoluble in the solution, thus, if NO is converted into NO 2 or in the presence of NO 2 , it can be further absorbed by a wet method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Zhou

Feng

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Moreover, • O, • OH, and • HO 2 can oxidize SO 2 to form SO 3 , which then reacts with H 2 O to stable H 2 SO 4 quickly, represented by eqs – ,, The oxidation reaction of H 2 O 2 , The oxidation reaction of urea ,, …”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highly soluble nitrogen oxides N 2 O 3 and N 2 O 4 may be formed rapidly by gas-phase equilibria, whereas they can dissolve and further react rapidly with H 2 O to generate HNO 2 and HNO 3 . The chemical reactions are represented by eqs – , The oxidation reaction of • OH, • O, • HO 2 , and O 3 ,, The oxidation reaction of H 2 O 2 , …”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Removal of SO₂ and NO Using H₂O₂/Urea Activated by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light in a Pilot-Scale Spraying Tower

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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A study on simultaneous removal of SO 2 and NO from flue gas using H 2 O 2 /urea activated by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light was carried out in a pilot-scale photochemical spraying tower. The effects of different operational variables on simultaneous removal efficiencies of SO 2 and NO were investigated. The gaseous and liquid removal products were detected by the flue gas analyzer and ion chromatography (IC), respectively. The removal pathways of SO 2 and NO were analyzed. The application prospect of this new method was also preliminarily discussed. Results show that under most of the process conditions tested, SO 2 can attain complete removal. Removal efficiency of NO is enhanced under increasing the VUV irradiation intensity and H 2 O 2 concentration, but it is inhibited by an increase of the flue gas flow and NO concentration. The urea concentration and liquid−gas ratio have a dual influence on NO removal, and its removal efficiency increases first and then decreases. SO 2 concentration has little impact on NO removal. IC results show that SO 4 2− and NO 3 − are the main removal products in solution. • OH derived from VUV activation of H 2 O 2 plays the crucial role in NO removal.

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Air Pollution Control Methods

Crocker

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Air pollution may be rendered less harmful by reducing the concentration of contaminants, the exposure time, or both. Selection of pollution control methods is generally based on the need to control ambient air quality in order to achieve compliance with standards for criteria pollutants, the need to reduce emission to the atmosphere of a hazardous air pollutant, or in the case of nonregulated contaminants, to protect human health and vegetation. There are three elements to a pollution problem: a source, a receptor affected by the pollutants, and the transport of pollutants from source to receptor. Modification or elimination of any one of these elements can change the nature of a pollution problem. The classes of pollutants include gases and particulates; odors are often discussed separately. To achieve air pollution control, reliable measurements are needed to quantify both the pollutant concentration and the contribution of individual sources. These data are necessary for designing control equipment, for monitoring emissions, and for maintaining acceptable ambient air quality. Two categories of measurement techniques are ambient and source measurement. Ambient sampling may help to establish and operate a pollution alert network, monitor the effect of an emission source, predict the effect of a proposed installation, locate the source of an undesirable pollutant, or obtain permanent sampling records for legal action or for modifying regulations. Source sampling problems are distinct from those of ambient sampling. Source gas may have a high temperature or contain high concentrations of water vapor or entrained mist, dust, or other interfering substances. Typical objectives of source sampling are demonstrating compliance with regulations, obtaining emission data, and determining the need for maintenance of process or control equipment. The Clean Air Act in 1990 has three areas of emphasis: acid rain reduction in the northeastern United States; severe limitation on atmospheric emissions of 189 chemicals on the hazardous or Toxic Substance list; and tightened regulations on vehicular exhaust (ozone compliance and smog reduction). Five methods are available for controlling gaseous emissions: absorption, adsorption, condensation, chemical reaction, and incineration. Atmospheric dispersion from a tall stack is now less viable. Adsorption is desirable for contaminant removal down to extremely low levels. Condensation is best for substances having rather high vapor pressures. Incineration is used to remove organic pollutants and small quantities of H 2 S, CO, and NH 3 . Specific problem gases such as sulfur and nitrogen oxides require combinations of methods. Major sources of sulfur dioxide are the combustion of sulfur‐containing fossil fuels, sulfur recovery from petroleum processing, and pulp and paper manufacture. Combustion emissions are controlled by substituting a low sulfur fuel source, by fuel desulfurization and refining, and by sulfur removal either in the combustion process or from the flue gas. Major sources of nitrogen oxide emission are nitrogen fixation during high temperature combustion, nitric acid manufacture and concentration, and vehicular emissions. NO formation in combustion may be reduced by maintaining low excess air, employing two‐stage combustion, flue gas recirculation, and burner placement. The removal of particles (liquids, solids, or mixtures) from a gas stream requires deposition and attachment to a surface. Devices for particle collection by filtration can be divided into three categories: cloth filtration, paper and mat filters, and in‐depth aggregate bed filtration. Scrubbers can be highly effective for both particulate collection and gas absorption. Scrubbers make use of a combination of particulate collection mechanisms. Wet‐scrubber collection efficiency may be unexpectedly enhanced by particle growth. Vapor condensation produced by cooling, can lead to particle growth or agglomeration.

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Performance models for NO_x absorbers/strippers

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Simultaneous Removal of SO₂ and NO Using H₂O₂/Urea Activated by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light in a Pilot-Scale Spraying Tower

Air Pollution Control Methods

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Performance models for NOx absorbers/strippers

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and NO Using H2O2/Urea Activated by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light in a Pilot-Scale Spraying Tower

Air Pollution Control Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Performance models for NO_x absorbers/strippers

Simultaneous Removal of SO₂ and NO Using H₂O₂/Urea Activated by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light in a Pilot-Scale Spraying Tower