The present work is aimed at studying the qualitative characteristics of apple fruits growing in the Baikal region and evaluates their technological parameters. The main physicochemical parameters and the total content of phenolic compounds in juice of seven apple breeds are investigated. All fruits were small, their weight varied from 20g (Pepinchik Krasnoyarskiy) to 80 g (Svetloe), the average weight was 40 g (Krasnaya Grozd). The highest juice yield was shown by the variety with the average size (Krasnoyarsk’s Snegirek–71.8 %), the remaining varieties showed about 60 %. The sugar content of fruits varied from 5 to 12.3 g / 100 cm3 in varieties, and the amount of titrated acid (in terms of malic acid) from 4.8 to 10.8 g / dm3. For the fruits of seven varieties the content of macro- and microelements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Pb and Ba) was analysed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Total phenolic compounds content as well as content of anthocyans and leucoanthocyanin were identified in juice. The content of phenolic substances in juice varied (g / dm3) from 3.6 (Krasnaya Grozd) to 0.3 (Krasnoyarskiy Pepinchik). Qualitative and quantitative composition of the main components of the studied juice shows the feasibility of using the fruits of local apple breeds for the production of functional juice-containing drinks.
* Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет, г. Иркутск, Российская федерация ** Сибирский институт физиологии и биохимии растений СО РАН, г. Иркутск, Российская федерация *** Институт геохимии им. А.П. Виноградова СО РАН, г. Иркутск, Российская федерация Резюме: Целью данной работы являлось исследование биохимического состава плодов яблонь, произрастающих в Южном Прибайкалье, и определение качественных характеристик яблочного вина, полученного брожением на древесной щепе в условиях сверхвысокой концентрации дрожжей. Определены основные физико-химические показатели и суммарное содержание фенольных соединений соков шести сортов яблони. Методом рентгенофлуоресцентной спектрометрии в плодах яблок сорта Красноярский снегирек определено содержание макро-и микроэлементов (Na,
The article reflects the results of studies on juice production from the fruit of apple trees grown in Siberia. Some juice production schemes were tested and the optimal ones were selected for making clarified and pulpy juice. Apple tree varieties with maximum juice yield were also selected. The determination of organoleptic and basic technological parameters of the juice allows to confirm that the juice from Siberian varieties is not inferior, and in some cases, exceeds the parameters of the juice made from the fruit of European varieties. It has been shown that the obtained product is a clear liquid of a light straw colour with a greenish tint, with the characteristic fruit odour and a moderately sour and tart flavour. It corresponds to the acceptable sugar-acid index parameters.
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