The antioxidant status of spring wheat cells was studied for foliar treatment with a 0.1 % solution of copper, molybdenum-containing chelated micronutrient grade ZhUSS-2 in field experiments when cultivating plants on soil with a low content of these trace elements. The activation of the antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, as well as a decrease in the activity of lipid peroxidation (according to the content of malondialdehyde) under the action of this drug in all phases of plant vegetation was identified. A similar effect of iron-, manganese-and zinc-containing ZhUSS micronutrient fertilizers is analyzed. The conclusion is made about the antioxidant effect of these chelated micronutrient fertilizers.
Пленарные доклады 1Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики -обособленное структурное подразделение Ф ИЦ КазНЦ РАН, Казань, Россия 2Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет, Казань, Россия, 3Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт биохимии и физиологии растений и микроорганизмов РАН, Саратов, Россия, 4Институт органической и физической химии им. А.Е. Арбузова -обособленное структурное подразделение ФИЦ КазНЦ РАН, Казань, Россия
The study was carried out in order to assess the dependence of the yield of spring soft wheat on the main agrochemical indicators and spring reserves of productive moisture in a meter layer of gray forest soil. The work was carried out in 1982-2018. in the Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. Spring wheat was cultivated in the crop rotation link: pure fallow - winter rye - spring wheat. Under the predecessor, the average recommended norms of mineral fertilizers (N40 ... 60P40 ... 50K40 ... 60) were annually introduced; fertilizers were not applied directly under the wheat. The soil of the experimental plot is gray forest medium loamy with the following agrochemical parameters: organic matter content - 2.8 ... 3.2%, easily hydrolyzable nitrogen - 100 ... 149 mg / kg, mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov). ) - 105...184 and 79...149 mg/kg, respectively, pHrast. – 5.6...5.7. The yield of spring wheat cultivated without fertilization varied greatly over the years and ranged from 0.99 to 2.97 t/ha. It amounted to 62% due to the influence of the provision of gray forest soil with the main nutrient macronutrients (NMC) in a form available to plants. The content of readily hydrolysable nitrogen 150 mg/kg, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium 150 and 140 mg/kg, respectively, turned out to be the optimal level for the formation of the largest grain yield of spring wheat in the experiment on gray forest soil. without the use of fertilizers.
The purpose of the article was to study the resistance of spring wheat under the influence of foliar treatment of plants with silicate bacteria according to lipid peroxidation (LP) and yield. The studies were conducted on spring wheat (variety ‘MiS’). The cultivation technology is typical wheat in this agroclimatic zone. The foliar treatment was carried out with a culture of bacteria Bacillus oligonitrophilus by spraying at the rate of 0.5 l/m2 of bacteria suspension containing 109 cells/ml (equally to 100% concentration). Field experiment design: option 1 – plants without treatment (control); option 2 – treatment with B. oligonitrophilus fertilizers at the stage of tillering; option 3 – treatment with B. oligonitrophilus fertilizers at the stage of tillering/stem elongation; option 4 – treatment with B. oligonitrophilus at the stage of tillering/stem elongation/heading. The activity of LP in wheat leaves was identified according to the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). The content of MDA was determined photometrically during interaction with thiobarbiturate. Wheat yield increase was observed in options 3 and 4 (by 11 and 15%, respectively). The content of MDA decreased in all phases of wheat vegetation in the same experimental options (by 14 and 21%, respectively), which indicated the antioxidant effect of the studied preparation. Thus, the bacterization of wheat with B. oligonitrophilus leads to the plant resistance increase. The protective effect is probably due to the action of a complex of their biologically active substances (metabolites) including the antioxidant mechanism of action.
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