Usahatani padi di perdesaan Kalimantan Barat sedang menghadapi tekanan dari segi persaingan penggunaan lahan. Masalah ini bisa semakin meminggirkan kelompok rentan di perdesaan, ketidakamanan pangan, dan memperlebar kesenjangan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis indikator penentu keberlanjutan usahatani padi sawah tadah hujan di Desa Telaga Arum; sebuah desa pesisir yang berada dalam administrasi Kecamatan Seponti, Kabupaten Kayong Utara, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Studi ini menerapkan metode MICMAC (Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification) sebagai alat analisisnya. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa keberlanjutan usahatani padi sangat dipengaruhi oleh indikator kehadiran komoditas kelapa sawit, indikator iklim, dan kesuburan tanah. Ketiga indikator tersebut dapat menyebabkan gangguan terhadap sistem usahatani padi dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Ekspansi kebun kelapa sawit yang mencapai luasan rata-rata kurang lebih 1300 hektar per tahun, telah menjadi ancaman nyata terhadap areal persawahan terutama dalam lima tahun terakhir di Kabupaten Kayong Utara. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa motivasi petani adalah aspek yang paling terpengaruh dalam perspektif jangka panjang dan cenderung mengalami kemunduran, karena motivasi usahatani padi hanya ditujukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan subsisten.ABSTRACTRice farming in rural West Kalimantan is facing pressure in terms of land-use competition. This problem can further marginalize the vulnerable groups in rural areas, food insecurity, and widen social inequality. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of the sustainability of rainfed rice farming in the village of Telaga Arum; a coastal village located in the subdistrict of Seponti, Kayong Utara regency, West Kalimantan. This study applies the MICMAC (Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification) method as an analytical tool. The results of the study show that the sustainability of rice farming is strongly influenced by indicators of the presence of oil palm commodities, climate indicators, and soil fertility. These three indicators can cause disturbances to the rice farming system in the short and long term. The oil palm expansions which reach an average area of roughly 1300 hectares per year has become a real threat to the rice fields especially in the last five years in Kayong Utara regency. This study also found the farmer’s motivation is an aspect that is the most affected in the long term perspective and tends to decline because the rice farming motivation is only to fulfill subsistence needs.
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) compounds are still found in agricultural land in Indonesia. One of them is α-endosulfan which is a potent insecticide in the green revolution era. Remediation of agricultural contaminated land is needed to be a sustainable benefit. The purpose of the research is to develop a statistical model of sustainable remediation with agricultural waste in α-endosulfan-contaminated lowland rice fields. The study was conducted from June 2015 to May 2016 with experimental methods in the screenhouse. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with seven treatments of combinations of biochar-compost manure, and three replications. The results showed different equation models in the first planting season and the second planting season. The model illustrates that α-endosulfan contamination 0.16 mg g−1 can be reduced to be below MRL by adding biochar-compost ratio 1:4. The availability of organic matter and total bacteria in the soil can reduce α-endosulfan residues. Both factors should be managed by increasing their availability in the soil. In the second season, organic C content in the soil did not significantly affect α-endosulfan residues that had been below MRL. The statistical model of α-endosulfan contaminated-land remediation can be used to plan the remediation of a pesticide-contaminated land, especially endosulfan.
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