The usage of mobile devices is increasing in frequency and scope. The percentage of students who use smartphones is quite high, in particular among those attending institutions of higher education. Like they would with any other technology, educators are doing research on the efficacy of using smartphones in the classroom. Studies have been conducted on the efficacy of using smartphones in face-to-face education as well as in the process of distant education, which has grown more common as a direct result of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to do a meta-analysis of the data from previous experimental studies that looked at how well smartphones have been used over the past five years. The total effect size that has been calculated is 3.73. Since p = 0.05, this effect's size is statistically important. This finding has a big effect, as can be seen. For each study, an effect size calculation was done based on Hedges' g. The size of the effect is between -8 and 25.70.
The article presents a linguosynergetic approach to the study of metaphors. Having an inherent interdisciplinary character synergetics opens new perspectives for the research of various linguistic phenomena. The synergetic methodology is applied to the object of the current study -a metaphor. The metaphorization is not regarded as a unidirectional linear projection of meanings; it is a synergetic interaction of two or more input domains. The authors observe a non-linear interaction of order parameters (meanings and connotations that characterize the concepts of source and target domains). That interaction results in the formation of a new conceptual unit that has its own identity -a completely new set of meanings. The authors apply the synergetic methodology to study metaphors with the target-domain "death" in the literary discourse by Terry Pratchett. It is worth mentioning that at the level of discourse the concept "death" unfolds along the tree-like trajectory, which explicated a logical, gradual meaning cohesion and the dual nature of the concept. In the beginning, the death is primarily associated with the conventional personification of death -Grim Reaper. Gradually the image of Grim Reaper transforms into the image of a positive character Kind Reaper who has to perform his duty.
В настоящей статье рассматривается смыслообразовательный потенциал метафоры и персонификации на примере концепта «light» в художественном дискурсе Т. Пратчетта. Предполагается, что развитие смысла и степень его изменения отличаются при метафоризации и персонификации. Метафоризация ведет к более существенным се мантическим преобразованием -«семантическому сдвигу» концептуальной системы. При персонификации происходит изменение периферийной области, в результате чего концепт приобретает дополнительные антропоморфные признаки.
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