A .E . B A IN OT T I A ND N . N IS H IO . 2000.The fermentative metabolism of Acetobacterium sp. grown on methanol-formate in continuous culture is described. The reaction stoichiometry of methanol-formate, including cells, were as follows: CH 3 OH ¦ 1·13HCOOH : 0·87CH 3 COOH ¦ 0·47 cell C. Formate enhanced growth yields by approximately 60% compared with methanol-CO 2 -grown cultures. Comparison of yields on methanol-formate allowed calculation of an energy yield of 1·3 mol ATP per mol acetate formed during homoacetate fermentation. The magnitudes of Y EG , the theoretical maximum yield of Y E , and m, the maintenance coefficient, were determined by growing the organism in methanol-formate and resulted in 16·5 g cell (mol methanol catabolized) −1 and 0·674 mmol methanol catabolized (g cell) −1 h −1 , respectively. It is concluded that formate might replace CO 2 as a source of carboxyl donor.
Survival of Vibrio cholerae El Tor serotype Inaba was examined in pasteurized milk, freshwater fish, raw beef and raw chicken at a variety of temperatures. Both food type and incubation temperature affected survival. At the lowest temperatures, V. cholerae remained viable in meats for up to 90 d at—5°C and 300 d at —25°C. In milk, however, it was not detectable after 34 d at —5°C and 150 d at —25°C. At 7°C it survived 32 d, on average, in milk and only 18–20 d in the other foods. At room temperatures survival periods were shorter, never exceeding 10 d, and it was not detected after 2 d incubation at 35°C in chicken and fish.
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