Introduction: The co-occurence of substance abuse and mental illness is well known. Alcoholics are reported to be three times more likely to suffer from another psychiatric disorder. This study aims to observe the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in alcohol dependent patients in our setup. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional observational study conducted over a period of three months. Consecutive patients presenting to the out-patient section of Psychiatric department who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for alcohol dependence were included in the study. They were interviewed using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID I&II) to assess for comorbidity. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS TM) software. Mann Whitney U test and Chi square or Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 31 patients enrolled, 14 (45.16%) had psychiatric comorbid conditions all of which were Axis I disorders. Anxiety disorder (35.71%) was the most frequent associated disorder followed by depressive disorder (28.57%). The alcohol dependent patients with comorbidity was significantly younger (mean age=35.71±13.60 years) in comparison to those without comorbidity (mean age=42.59±11.15 years). Other socio-demographic parameters were comparable between the two groups. Patients with history of past psychiatric illness and medication were less likely to have comorbidity, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Psychiatric comorbidity is common in alcohol dependent people. Anxiety disorder and depression were more prevalent entities. Those with past illness and medications were less likely to have comorbidities.
Introduction: Globus sensation is described as a constant feeling of a lump, something stuck or foreign body in the throat associated with an uncomfortable experience of dysphagia or choking. It is a common complaint in Ear, Nose and Throat clinics. The symptom is considered functional when no apparent organic cause is detected. In that case the symptoms must be positively identified as psychologically related to some underlying mental conflict or need. The objective of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of psychiatric Co-morbidities in patients complaining of globus sensation in throat coming to psychiatric clinic. Material and Method: A case-control study was done. Patients coming to Outpatient of psychiatry OPD which were referred from Ear, Nose and Throat Department of Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital with complain of globus and not having an organic explanation of the condition were included. Age, sex and socio-economic condition matched control group was selected from healthy visitors (1st degree relatives). Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, English version; 5.0.0.,HAM-D/HAM-A, were applied to rule out depression, anxiety and assess psychiatric co-morbidities. Final ICD-10 Criteria were done for diagnosis which were made from two psychiatrists. Results: About 64.28 % (n=45) of globus patients had psychiatric co-morbidities which was significantly higher (p<0.0151, odds ratio 0.46) than their relatives attending with the patients. Major depressive disorder was found in 25.71% (n=18), Anxiety disorder in 22.85% (n=16), Undifferentiated somatoform disorder in 7.14 % (n=5), Dysthymia each in 7.14% (n=5), Psychosis in 1.4% (n=1), Personality Disorder in 1.4 % (n=1). Conclusion: Burden of psychiatric co-morbidities among the patients of globus is quiet high. So, the patient who present with Globus should undergo psychiatric evaluation after organic causes have been ruled out. They should be regularly screened for psychiatric illness and an integrated treatment approach can be taken for them.
Growth hormone is an anabolic hormone released in pulsatile manner in the circulation. It is one of the uncommon causes of short stature in children and is largely idiopathic. The case report is about a 12 years old boy who presented with short stature. He was diagnosed to have Growth hormone deficiency. Growth hormone was started after diagnosis was made.
Objective The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence, general morbidity patterns and the demographic/life style-related factors associated with overweight/obesity among women from different socio-economic groups residing in Bhaktapur City of Nepal. Study design Cross-sectional descriptive. Methods A total of 85 women, majority (53%) comprising housewives, were recruited for structured interviews through a multistage random sampling method. Their height and weight were also measured during the interviews. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated as per the WHO classification. Results The study revealed that 44.7% women were overweight and 17.6% were obese. Overweight and obesity was higher in the age group 35 and above, non-breast feeding women and women with no or low mobility. Compared to non-obese women, the self-reported prevalence of asthma, low back pain and joint pain was statistically significantly higher among the overweight/obese women. Complaints of reproductive health problems like uterine and menstrual problems were also higher in overweight/obese women. The risk of low back pain among the overweight/obese women increased by 4.3 times compared to the underweight/normal group of women. The multiple binary regression analysis suggests that the lack of mobility or exercise is a main trigger for overweight/obesity among the married women in the study area. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight/obesity among the married women was found to be higher than the national average for women. Hence targeted educational interventions are suggested to raise awareness about weight consciousness and healthy lifestyle choices among married women. Changes to the built environment are an often-overlooked area of pedestrian injury control. To help address the need for baseline information to inform policy, we conducted a meta-analysis on the association of the roadway environment with the risk of pedestrian injury and mortality. We searched multiple electronic databases for studies related to built environment and pedestrian injuries. We abstracted and converted results to ORs, and synthesised the effect sizes with Bayesian meta analytic methods by placing vague or noninformative prior distributions for the central measure of effect and its variance on the likelihood of a set of normally distributed effect size logits. We identified 23 studies. Thirteen involved interventions, consisting of reconstruction (7), closures (4), and signage or unspecified (2). Ten studies were based on observational data. Studies were conducted in Europe (11), North America (4), Oceana (3), Asia (2), Africa (2), and South America (1). The overall association between roadway characteristics and risk of injury or death was OR¼1.6 (95% CrI 1.2 to 2.1). There was an 80% probability that a future study would demonstrate a similar positive association. Roadway environment plays a crucial role in pedestrian injury and mortality. Public health and policy interventions to reduce the burden of such injuries should include attention to the bu...
Introduction: Study on prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Palpa and nearby districts which lie in western Nepal, is not much studied till date. We therefore conducted this study aiming to see the pattern of psychiatric illness in an Outpatient Department of Lumbini Medical College which is a tertiary care centre located in Palpa district.Material And Method: : This is a retrospective study where outpatient record of all new cases attending the Psychiatry OPD from 29th Oct 2014 to 29th Dec 2014 were studied and statistical analysis were done. The number of new patients were 107.Results: Out of 107 patients, 60.74 % (65)) were females and 39.26 %( 42) were males. Patients of age group 31-40yrs showed the largest proportion (27.49%) followed by age group 41-50yrs (24.29%). Majority cases were illiterate (69.15%) followed by primary level of education (14.95%). The occupation of most of the cases were household work (35.51%) followed by farming (31.77%). Anxiety disorder (27.10%) was the most frequent diagnosis ahead of “Others” (18.69%) followed by depressive disorder (15.88%).Conclusion: Most of the new patients attending the psychiatry OPD of Lumbini Medical College were females, of 31-40 age group and most of the patients suffered from anxiety disorders. J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol. 6, No. 2, 2017, Page: 42-44
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