No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

The placement of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) catheter by conventional open surgical or trocar technique may cause a number of complications such as infection, hemorrhage, leakage, incisional hernia, and visceral organ perforation. Most complications are related to open surgery or insertion of the catheter with the guidewire without direct visualization. Insertion of the catheter laparoscopically under direct visualization has been previously described. The authors who described this technique used two or three ports for the camera and instruments. In this study we describe a laparoscopic technique for insertion of the peritoneal dialysis catheter under direct visualization with use of one-camera port and an accessory 2-mm umbilical incision. This prospective study was performed with the approval of the ethics committee of the Gazi University Hospital, in Ankara, Turkey. There were a total of eight patients: five males and three females, with an average age of 34.3 years (range, 11-54), who underwent laparoscopic CAPD insertion between 1997 and 2000. The catheter was inserted into the abdominal cavity 2 cm below the umbilicus. The subcutaneous tunnel was made with the assistance of a specially designed L-shaped trocar. All patients did well after the operation and had excellent cosmetic results. There was one leak in the early postoperative period, which was treated conservatively. The average operating time was 34.7 minutes (range, 25-45 minutes). The laparoscopic approach for peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion, for management of transmigrated CAPD catheters, and to resolve omental occlusions should be considered as an alternative to open surgery, especially for patients who have peritoneal adhesions secondary to a history of abdominal surgeries or recurrent peritonitis.

No abstract

AIM: During liver regeneration cellular proliferation and apoptosis result in tissue remodeling to restore normal hepatic mass and structure. Main regulators of the apoptotic machinery are the Bcl-2 family proteins but their roles are not well defined throughout the liver regeneration. We aimed to analyze the expression levels of bcl-2 gene family members during resection induced liver regeneration. METHODS:We performed semi-quantitative RT-PCR to examine the expression level of bak, bax, bcl-2 and bcl-x L in the 70% hepatectomized rat livers during the whole regeneration process and compared to that of the sham and normal groups. RESULTS:The expression of bak and bax were decreased whereas bcl-2 and bcl-x L were increased in hepatectomized animals compared to normal liver at most time points. We also reported for the first time that sham group of animals had statistically significant higher expression of bak and bax compared to hepatectomized animals. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) values of these genes were more in sham groups than the hepatectomized groups. CONCLUSION:We conclude that the expressional changes of bak, bax, bcl-2 and bcl-x L genes were altered not only due to regeneration, but also due to the effects of surgical operations.Akcali KC, Dalgic A, Ucar A, Ben Haj K, Guvenc D. Expression of bcl-2 family of genes during resection induced liver regeneration: Comparison between hepatectomized and sham groups. World

No abstract