In wireless ad-hoc network energy of node is very important issue. Less amount of energy is directly affect the lifetime of network because all nodes in networks are battery operated devices. So optimization of energy consumption in network has greater impact on network life. The power consumption can be reduced at node level, transmission and receiving level. This paper is focusing on how various propagation models affect the energy consumption in ad-hoc network with MANET routing protocols. The four widely used Ad-hoc routing protocols compared are: Ad-hoc on demand Distance Vector (AODV), Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and Ad-hoc on demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV). Simulation has been carried out using Network Simulator 2.34 and its associated tools like Network Animator.
In the past years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained increasing attention from both the users and researchers. It is used in various fields which include environmental, healthcare, military and other commercial applications. Sensor nodes are battery powered so energy constraints on nodes are very strict. When battery gets discharged, sensor node will get disconnected from remaining network. This results in link failure and data loss. In some applications battery replacement is also not possible. Hence energy efficient techniques should be designed which will enhance lifetime of network and accurate data transfer. In this paper, different sources of energy dissipation are listed followed by energy efficient techniques to enhance lifetime of the network.
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