No abstract

The influence of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on both the growth and function of isolated pancreatic rat islets was studied. As a measure of islet cell replication, [3H]thymidine incorporation and DNA content was estimated at the same time as parameters for (pro)insulin biosynthesis and secretion as a measure of the functional capacity of B cells. Incorporation of [3H]thymidine was measured after tissue solubilization; DNA was determined fluorometrically. (Pro-)insulin biosynthesis was determined by incorporation of [3H]leucine after immunoprecipitation and binding to protein A-Sepharose. There was a significant increase in both [3H]thymidine incorporation and DNA content after the culture of islets with IGF-I. IGF-I resulted also in an increase in insulin biosynthesis and secretion from isolated pancreatic islets. These results demonstrate a role of IGF-I in regulating the growth and function of pancreatic islets.

This paper argues for a hermeneutic shift in interpreting accounts of Victorian London in Indian travelogues written between 1870 and 1900, taking the founding of the Indian National Congress (1885) and the climate of anticolonial agitation as a political fulcrum for a new aesthetic drive in the ways in which the imperial capital was imagined as a new psychogeography by its colonial subjects. Drawing on travelogues by Pothum Ragaviah, Trailokyanath Mukharji, Behramji Malabari, Lala Baijnath, T.B. Pandian and G.P. Pillai, I outline how London was reinvented in the Indian imagination as a typographical experiment in pictograms and audiograms. The urban, domestic and atmospheric phenomena of the metropolis was recreated as archetypes in the colonized mind of the reader back home, as a new model of modernity, a new way of typographic expertise over the imperial capital, and a therapeutic means of overcoming the ongoing traumas of colonization. Pictograms of its intimate domestic quarters and atmospheric nuances or audiograms of its majestic choirs and ambient traffic noise, London's phenomenology was brought alive in the Indian consciousness through these travelogues, which besides playing a literary role also politically empowered the colonized imagination for the wish-fulfilment of an autonomous geography. Seen in the light of the great morphological transformations in places like East Ham, Wembley, Southall or Brick Lane-those parts of present-day London with heavy concentrations of South Asians-late Victorian Indian accounts of the city and their typographical experiments were the early "ethno-scapes" and "kaleido-scapes" for the colonized imagination to inhabit the imperial capital in a psychogeographical capacity, much before South Asian immigrations since the 1950s.

Purpose This paper aims to propose an integrated framework for digital project-driven supply chains (PDSC) to address multiple objectives in Architecture, Engineering, Construction and, Operations and Maintenance (AECO) value chain. Additionally, the following sub-objectives were also to be addressed: to assess emerging themes of Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies in AECO and to identify lacunae in existing project supply chains. Design/methodology/approach The research relies on qualitative approaches and mixed methodologies, for building theories based on domain expert interviews and questionnaire surveys administered on industry professionals. Hypothesis testing has been used to analyze data and identify significant 4IR technology applications and evolve a PDSC framework to address multiple objectives in the AECO context. Findings 4IR technologies can completely revolutionize AECO supply chains and catapult the discipline into a completely new paradigm. The immense computing power unleashed can contribute to enhancing effectiveness in delivery. Technologies such as the Internet of Things, Internet of Services, Cloud Computing, Big Data, Smart Factory, 3 D-Printing, Cyber-Physical Systems or Embedded Systems, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and Robotics hold immense future potential. The study proposes an integrated framework to address the multiple objectives of improved project delivery, increased productivity and cost savings, activity monitoring, reporting and agility, better workflow processes and reduction of wastage. Research limitations/implications The study offers ideas for complete integration of the AECO supply chain to deliver value to end customers. It, however, relies on opinions, perspectives and recollections of respondents, which is its limitation. Their opinion is expected to be influenced by their domain and project expertise. Practical implications In today’s global environment, information and data management is a meaningful intermediary in 4IR. It can be delivered with the aid of the cloud to collect, appraise and evaluate data efficiently; faster machine operations to manufacture quality goods at a lower cost; boost productivity; and competitiveness in AECO companies. Appropriate exchange of information and knowledge transfer will lead to innovation, effective communication in terms of frequency and quality of information; willingness to share information to improve overall performance; commitment to a common goal and mutual support; and continuous innovative effort. Originality/value This paper suggests fresh perspectives to integrated digital project-driven supply chains propelled by 4IR technologies, with a purpose to deliver multiple project objectives and end-customer value addition.

ZusammenfassungThe eNect of different levels of K application on the transformation of native as well as applied Zn fractions in a rice-growing soil was studied under two moisture regimes viz. waterlogged and alternate waterlogged and saturation. Application of K caused an increase in the water-soluble plus exchangeable. organically complexed and carbonates, and other acid-soluble mineral fractions of native soil Zn. Application of K also caused an increase in the transformation of applied Zn into all the above three fractions of the element in soil. The above effects of K were more pronounced in soil under waterlogged than under alternate waterlogged and non-waterlogged moisture regimes.The results of a greenhouse experiment showed that K application caused an increase in Zn uptake and per cent utilization of both native and added Zn by rice. This was attributed to the increase in the watersoluble plus exchangeable and organically complexed forms of Zn in soil due to K application.

No abstract

No abstract

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are a key component of every economy. Studies fill the literature with the importance of SMEs as employment generators, innovators, factors in the supply chains of larger enterprises, and important contributors to gross domestic project.SMEs are also relevant in developed and developing countries alike, bearing in mind that definitions of SMEs differ by the size of the economy. Estimates suggest that more than 95% of enterprises around the world are SMEs, accounting for about 60% of private sector employment.1 In the industrialized countries, Japan had the biggest percentage of SMEs, accounting for more than 99% of total enterprises in 2007.2 India had 13 million SMEs in 2008, equivalent to 80% of the country's businesses.