Arrangement of fishponds and recreation water basins are among most actual directions of technogenic environment recultivation. However, mentioned approach demands constant monitoring of different pollutants content in abiotic and biotic components of created hydroecosystem. This paper presents results of investigations of cobalt and nickel concentration in the water, bottom deposits and ichthyofauna of Yavoriv water storage basin – water reservoir, which was formed in the place of sulfur career. Mentioned elements are characterized by wide spectrum of action in fish body, which, depending on their concentration, can be either physiologic or toxic. During the experiment was revealed, that cobalt concentration in the water of Yavoriv water storage basin was within the normal range, while nickel concentration exceed MPL from 1.26 to 7.65 times depending on sampling place. Concentration of abovementioned elements in the bottom deposits of water basin in different fields of it varied greatly, wherein well–defined correlation between cobalt and nickel level in the water and bottom deposits wasn’t observed. The researches testified also the existence of tissue, organic and species peculiarities of cobalt and nickel accumulation in the body of rudd and perch. In particular, the biggest content of researched elements was observed in the gills of the fishes. Herewith, cobalt concentration in rudd gills exceeds MPL in 3.25 times, in perch gills – in 4.75 times. Nickel concentration in the muscles, gills and skin of rudd exceeds existing normative values in 1.16, 2.25 and 2.32 times respectively; in the muscles, gills and skin of perch – in 1.08, 6.84 and 3.1 times respectively.
Monitoring of the environment is an important instrument of water resources effective management, well-timed prevention of harmful pollutant influence and thorough information of the public about the state and tendencies of changes in river basin agrosphere. However, the existing system of monitoring doesn’t fully correspond to international requirements and is one of the main restraining factors of the basin management system development. It is suggested to put into the base of monitoring system of socio-economic-ecological systems river basin the unification of well-known home and international monitoring systems which are reasonable to supplement with additional data of regional character. The system of monitoring of river basin agrosphere resources has been substantiated in the article. The main tasks and structure elements of monitoring system have been defined. It is reasonable to fulfill the monitoring of river basin agrosphere state according to appropriate algorithm which forsees the realization of operation cycle, from definition of information needs to information product using. Then the principal blocks of monitoring system of river basin agrosphere to estimate the state of socio-economic-ecological systems are considered to be the following ones: socio-economic-ecological and geology-geomorphological, but to estimate the state of surface waters – hydrological, climatic and bioecological. It should be mentioned that in the suggested monitoring system of river basin agrosphere state the blocks «Observation» and «Prognostication» are closely interconnected as the prognostication of agrosphere state changes is possible only when sufficient and reliable information about its actual state is available. The problem of information product using by regional and local authorities, as well as, by basin administration is of peculiar attention in the monitoring system of river basin agrosphere state.
The methodological aspects of the research of the atmospheric air state have been studied, the attention has been paid to biological methods, in particular, to the method of indicating the area of leaf blades, which is easy to use and allows getting reliable results. Taking into account the informative value of the morphometric parameters of the warty birch leaves and the sensitivity of the species to environmental pollution, it is promising to use this species of tree plants as a bioindicator when assessing the ecological status of an urbanized and anthropogenic-transformed environment. The integral index of warty birch leaves asymmetry in the territory with a minimum air pollution was the lowest – 0.0258. The maximum value (0.0914) was investigated in the territory of the “Dobrotvirska Thermal Power Station”, which indicates extremely unfavorable conditions; therefore the plants are in a very depressed state. The average integral index of the fluctuating asymmetry for the warty birch in the region of our studies is 0.0586, which suggests an approximation of the ecological state to pre-critical level. The comparative analysis of the morphometric parameters of the warty birch leaves discovered their uneven resistance to environmental pollution, which manifests itself by decreasing the size, area and biomass (cell material) of the leaves, as well as by increasing the degree of their necrotic damage.
The paper presents results of investigations of zinc and manganese concentration in the water, bottom deposits and ichthyofauna of Yavoriv water reservoir, which was formed in 2002 in frames of project of Yavoriv sulfur quarry revitalization. Mentioned elements are characterized by wide spectrum of action in fish body, which, depending on their concentration, can be either physiologic or toxic. It was revealed, that concentration of Zn and Mn in the water of Yavoriv water reservoir varied considerably depending on place of samples taking. The lowest Zn concentration in the water was below 1 MPL (maximum permitted level), namely 0.6 µg/l, and the highest – more than 7 MPL (70.5 µg/l). Similar differences were observed concerning Mn concentration in the water – the range of determined values varied from 3.3 (0.3 MPL) to 48.6 µg/l. The same peculiarities of Zn and Mn distribution were estimated in regard to their content in bottom deposits. In particular, difference of Zn concentration in samples of bottom deposits was near 23 times – from 5.4 to 230.0 mg/kg depending on the point of samples taking. Mn content in bottom deposits varies from 61.5 to 1500 mg/kg. Zn and Mn concentration in skeletal muscles, gills and skin of perch and rudd didn’t exceed MPL regardless their content in the water and bottom deposits. In most of cases, gills accumulated these elements more than other investigated tissues.
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