Background: Outcome data for neuroblastoma in sub-Saharan Africa are minimal, whereas poor outcome is reported in low-and middle-income countries. A multi-institutional retrospective study across South Africa was undertaken to determine outcome. pediatric oncology units were included. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were employed to determine two-year survival rates and to identify prognostic factors.Results: Data from 390 patients were analyzed. The median age was 39.9 months (range, 0-201 months). The majority presented with stage 4 disease (70%). The main chemotherapy regimens were OPEC/OJEC (44.8%), St Jude NB84 protocol (28.96%), and Rapid COJEC (22.17%).Only 44.4% had surgery across all risk groups, whereas only 16.5% of high-risk patients received radiotherapy. The two-year overall survival (OS) for the whole cohort was 37.6%: 94.1%, 81.6%, and 66.7%, respectively, for the very-low-risk, low-risk, and intermediate-risk groups and 27.6% for the high-risk group (P < 0.001, 95% CI). The median survival time for the whole group was
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