This paper presents the characterization of continuous single-stage and three-stage cascade paramagnetic capture (PMC) mode magnetophoretic microseparators for high efficiency separation of red and white blood cells from diluted whole blood based on their native magnetic properties. The separation mechanism for both PMC microseparators is based on a high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) method. This approach enables separation of blood cells without the use of additives such as magnetic beads. Experimental results for the single-stage PMC microseparator show that 91.1% of red blood cells were continuously separated from the sample at a volumetric flow rate of 5 microl h-1. In addition, the three-stage cascade PMC microseparator continuously separated 93.5% of red blood cells and 97.4% of white blood cells from whole blood at a volumetric flow rate of 5 microl h-1.
Purpose: Quantification of the heterogeneity of tumor cell populations is of interest for many diagnostic and therapeutic applications, including determining the cancerous stage of tumors. We attempted to differentiate human breast cancer cell lines from different pathologic stages and compare that with a normal human breast tissue cell line by characterizing the impedance properties of each cell line. Experimental Design: A microelectrical impedance spectroscopy system has been developed that can trap a single cell into an analysis cavity and measure the electrical impedance of the captured cell over a frequency range from 100 Hz to 3.0 MHz. Normal human breast tissue cell line MCF-10A, early-stage breast cancer cell line MCF-7, invasive human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, and metastasized human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435 were used.
This paper presents a method for continuous magnetophoretic separation of red and white blood cells from whole blood based on their native magnetic properties. The microsystem separates the blood cells using a high gradient magnetic separation method without the use of additives such as magnetic tagging or inducing agents. A theoretical model of the magnetophoretic microseparator is derived and verified by comparison with finite element simulation. The microseparator is fabricated using microfabrication technology, enabling the integration of microscale magnetic flux concentrators in an aqueous microenvironment, providing strong magnetic forces, and fast separations. Experimental tests are performed using a permanent magnet to create an external magnetic flux of 0.2T, and measuring the movement of red blood cells within the microchannel of the microseparator. The experimental results correlate well with the theoretical results.
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