Fender systems are very important part in marine and offshore structures. They are used to decrease the influence of impact forces of vessels during berthing or mooring conditions. This paper focuses on evaluating the response of a cylindrical rubber fender (Length = 5m, outer diameter = 0.5 m and inner diameter = 0.25m) subjected to impact load that comes from a mooring ship with capacity 330,000 DWT. Three curves are drawn representing the mechanical response of the cylindrical rubber fender under the influence of impact load, the first curve is the highest response and represents the result of the impact due to the initial speed of ship, but the other curves represent the reaction of cylindrical rubber fender after the initial impact.
Many engineering problems involve the modelling of discontinuities within continuous systems. As it is difficult and often impossible to obtain a closed form solution a numerical approach must be adopted (e.g., finite element method (FEM)). In studying the panelized problem several FEM models were found in the literature. The primary objective of this note is, therefore, to discuss and compare three FEM models for layered joint response. The specific example that is considered is the panelized concrete wall–floor joint. Joint response is compared using each FEM model at both service loads (for the essentially linear elastic situation) and overload.
The main object of this paper is to fit with high degree of accuracy the true structure response by considering the concept of interface element which is used to simulate three dimensional soil-structure interaction in the dynamic analysis, therefore the dolphin of khor Al-Amaya berth no. 8 is analyzed as a case study. The (p-y), (t-z), and (q-z) curves which are adopted by American Petroleum Institute (API) are used to find normal and tangential interface moduli and end bearing modulus. For this purpose, a computer Fortran program Offshore_Inter has been built to obtain the required solution. The subspace iteration method is used to find the free vibration solution while Newton-Raphson modified method combined with Newmark's method is applied to get the nonlinear forced vibration solution. For both solutions, the conjugate gradient algorithm is used as a solver of the dynamic problem. A parametric study has been carried out including different soil type, soil engineering properties, loading time effect and the results are given in tables and graphs. The dynamic structural response is compared with the results of previous studies on the same structure and with elastic and Reese solution to show the difference between the different formulations. From obtained results, it is shown the interface solution increases the structure response by more than 80% comparing with Winkler method based on same curves mentioned above. Pile deflection and bending moment values along pile length are relatively increased many times than the solution obtained from elasticity theory and Reese solution. Finally, the increased soil strength will largely degrease the structure response for all soils.
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