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Organic nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystal of L-tartaric acid–nicotinamide (LTN) has been grown by slow evaporation solution technique at a constant temperature of 40[Formula: see text]C. The grown crystals were subjected to various characterization techniques in order to examine their suitability for various applications. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis revealed that the compound is formed without any impurities. Functional groups and formation of the title compound were confirmed using FTIR analysis. Optical behavior of the material was examined using UV–Vis NIR spectrum analysis and the lower cut-off wavelength and optical band gap energy were calculated. Microhardness, dielectric and piezoelectric studies have been carried out at ambient conditions. Electronic properties such as valence electron plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi energy and electronic polarizability were calculated by Clausius–Mossotti relation. Photoluminescence analysis was carried out to study the luminescence nature of the crystal and its defect states. In addition photoconductivity, etching studies and powder Kurtz and Perry second harmonic generation (SHG) test were carried out.

An organic nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystal of L-methioninium picrate (LMP) has been grown by slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) at a constant temperature of [Formula: see text]C. Formation of nucleation and growth kinetics of the crystal were observed using an optical microscope for different durations and it was found that the shape of nucleation is similar to the grown large size single crystals of the same material. The characterization techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, UV–Vis NIR, Vickers microhardness, piezoelectric d[Formula: see text] coefficient, photoconductivity and etching studies have been performed. The crystal system and lattice parameters of the grown crystal were determined by PXRD analysis. The spectroscopic properties of the synthesized compound were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The UV–Vis NIR analysis was performed on the grown single crystal to find the optical absorption in the entire visible region. Attempts have been made to investigate the mechanical properties of LMP crystal using Vickers diamond pyramid indenter. In addition piezoelectric, photoconductivity and etching studies were carried out to study the d[Formula: see text] coefficient, photoconducting nature and surface properties respectively.

Nonlinear optical single crystals of L-lysine p-nitrophenolate monohydrate (LLPNP) were grown in aqueous solution by the slow evaporation solution technique (SEST). The grown crystals were subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis, (PXRD) and it was found that the title compound was crystallized in the orthorhombic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group of [Formula: see text]212121. The vibrational frequencies of various functional groups present in the crystal were analyzed using the FTIR spectrum with a wavenumber range between 450 cm[Formula: see text] and 4000 cm[Formula: see text]. The microhardness analysis of the sample revealed that the crystal belongs to the soft material category. Piezoelectric analysis was performed to measure the value of the piezoelectric (d[Formula: see text]) coefficient. Blue light emission of the material was confirmed using the photoluminescence spectrum. Thermal stability of the grown crystal was analyzed using a melting point apparatus and it was found that the LLPNP is stable upto 175[Formula: see text]C. Etching analysis was performed at various durations, in order to identify the surface properties of the LLPNP crystal.

Organic single crystal of nicotinium tartrate (NT), an efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) material for frequency conversion, has been grown at a constant temperature at 40 • C within a period of 20 days by slow evaporation solution technique (SEST). Structural information and lattice dimensions were determined using powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD) analysis. The functional groups and vibrational frequencies were identified using FTIR spectrum analysis with the range of 4000-450 cm −1 . Mechanical properties of the grown crystal were studied using Vickers microhardness tester. The optical properties of grown crystal were investigated using UV-Vis NIR spectrum analysis and it is confirmed that the crystal has very low absorption in the entire visible region. The dislocations and defects were studied by photoluminescence spectrum. The crystal has single stage melting, which was observed at 180 • C and there was no decomposition before its melting point. Piezoelectric, photoconductivity and chemical etching analysis have also been performed on the grown NT single crystals and the observed results were discussed. Nonlinear optical property of the material was measured using the powder Kurtz-Perry technique. 1750004-1 J. Nonlinear Optic. Phys. Mat. 2017.26. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by MONASH UNIVERSITY on 04/23/17. For personal use only. 1750004-2 J. Nonlinear Optic. Phys. Mat. 2017.26. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by MONASH UNIVERSITY on 04/23/17. For personal use only.