Water erosion of the soil is a major factor in the degradation of agricultural land in Ukraine. About 13 million hectares of arable land need additional protection. The study of the influence of the mentioned hazard processes is important both for the scientists and land endusers. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the possibilities of soil magnetic susceptibility mapping in erosion studies. The comparison with traditional methods is implemented. The studies were carried out at the territory of Farm Enterprise "Phoenix" of the Bliznyukovsky district of the Kharkiv region at the distance of 6 km to the southeast of the Lozova. The study site is used for crop production. The relief of the site is complicated by the developed ravine network. The soil is ordinary chernozems (Haplic Chernozems in WRB classification). We have registered high correlation between magnetic susceptibility (MS) of the studied chernozems and humus content (organic matter). The Spearman correlation coefficient slightly depends on the frequency magnetic susceptibility coefficient. The results give the opportunity to recommend soil MS studies as the additional tool in soil erosion mapping. The magnetic measurements are expensive and fast for the humus (organic matter) identification of eroded soil. The relation of the values of soil MS and the value of potential soil loss at the studied area was low. The study of the magnetic mineralogy confirmed the absence of the anthropogenic soil pollution. We confirmed this by the values of the frequency dependence of magnetic susceptibility which were above 6. The domination of the superparamagnetic (SP) grains with the size less than 20 nm was confirmed by the values of the frequency dependence of magnetic too. The majority of the MS values are 10-20. The magnetic minerals of the studied soil have been formed in real time under the pedogenic (natural soil formation) process.
Soil erosion by water is the most important global environmental problem. A modern system for assessing and monitoring soil erosional degradation should be based on the use of remote sensing data. This raises the issue of correct data decoding. The article proposes a method for visual interpretation of eroded soils according to the Sentinel image obtained in the visible range. The authors give some combinations of decoding signs to determine the manifestations of linear and surface water erosion from images. The article shows possible errors in decoding the manifestations of water erosion and gives an example of assessing the erosion of the soil cover based on the results of decoding the Sentinel-2 satellite image. Moderately and heavily eroded soils are reliably distinguished, the area of which, according to the interpretation data, was 2.4% of the area of arable land in the studied territory. In the future, the obtained sample of spectral images of eroded soils can be used to develop an automated method of interpretation based on the principle of "computer vision".
The increasing of the soil degradation of agricultural lands in Ukraine requires the improvement of their survey system. First of all, it is related to the increase of the accuracy of determinations and the density of the measurement grid. To perform these tasks, new methods are involved, primarily the geophysics ones. There are certain advantages of the integration of the studies as well as development of the substantiated rational combination of methods. Recently, promising results of the application of the magnetic susceptibility of soil to characterize the agronomic properties have been obtained. This study shows the results of the integrated application of a number of agrochemical methods and determinations of mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (MS) on the example of podzolized chernozems of Kharkiv district of Kharkiv region. We identified the possibilities of culling of values of soil characteristics from the proceeding of the results of definition of MS. The nature of the correlation between MS and humus content allows us to recommend the replacement of more expensive determination of humus content with cheaper MS. Soil magnetic susceptibility correctly reflects the spatial distribution of the main indicators of eroded lands: the humus content, and physical clay. We propose the study of sloping lands with more optimal techniques of the MS measurement of the soil as the most accessible tool.
The article is related to the study of the localization of agronomic heterogeneities of the soil distributed on slopes. To study this important agricultural areas, we usedthe mathematical modeling of erosion processes and the survey of the magnetic susceptibility of the arable horizon of the soils. The experiment design includes the typical chernozemof the slope.The soil sampling was performed according to DSTU 4287:2004, determination of organic carbon content according to DSTU 4289:2004, and determination of statistical indicators using Statistica®. The visualization of the study results was carried out in the QGis software. Magnetic susceptibility (MS) was measured using a KLY-2 magnetometer. Modeling of soil erosion processes involved USLE universal soil loss equation. A 1:10,000 topographic map was adopted as the topographic basis. The research territory is the fields of the National Biotechnological University (V.V. Dokuchaev KhNAU) on the southern outskirts of the city of Kharkiv. The 70 soil samples were collected from the arable layer (horizon A). Due to the course of water erosion processes, a long-term soil washout and a widespread complex spatial complex of washed-out soils took place on the site, which is a typical case for eroded sloping lands of the Forest Steppe. In non-eroded watersheds (in the north-western direction), typical heavy loamy medium-humus chernozems are developed. Sampling was carried out using an irregular grid, the sampling density was about 5 samples per hectare.We detected that mathematical modeling of erosion processes can be used to predict the location of inhomogeneities in the agronomic properties of the ground cover of sloping lands. However, given the shortcomings of the main models of potential soil losses associated with the alternation of zones of erosion and deposition require to clarify and verify the obtained results. Hence, we propose to apply the statistical characteristics of the spatial distribution of values of the magnetic susceptibility of the soil. The most important parameters are the average values and coefficient of variation of MS.
The purpose. To demonstrate algorithm of actions on state-of-the-art erosion-preventive optimization of land-use structure on an instance of the concrete agricultural factory. Methods. Cartographical, statistical, geoinformational analysis, mathematical simulation. Results. On an instance of lands of a concrete farm nonconformity of existing use of lands to soil-saving demands is established. On the basis of analysis of potential loss of land for territory of agricultural factory zones with the heightened erosive hazard are determined. Change of structure of crop rotations with creation of 4-field soil protection rotation for erosion hazardous plots and 6-field rotation in other territory is offered. Content is justified and order of crop rotation in crop rotations is elaborated. Mathematical simulation of erosion at different scripts of use of territory showed that implementation of the updated structure of crop rotations would lower erosion to a safety level. Conclusions. The modern land-use, which is founded on out-of-date schemes of disposition of industrial plots, demands their supervisory control with the purpose of assessment of risk of erosion processes. One of ways of such inspection is mathematical simulation of loss of land which can be spent at the level of separate factory and for separate field. The potential hazard of erosion detected as a result of simulation can be prevented by means of organizational and agrotechnical measures that demands from factory minimum economic expenditures. Namely: on the basis of simulation of processes of erosion it is necessary to change regimen of use of erosion-dangerous plots with selection of crop rotations which ensure observance of admissible level of erosion of soils.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.