The experiments were carried in clay soil at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agricultural, El-Mansoura University, Egypt, to investigate the effect of foliar application with yeast and ascorbic acid on plant growth, yield and quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under different levels of NPK fertilization. Vegetative growth measurements (plant height, No. of leaves/plant, No. of branches/plant, fresh and dry weight), yield (fruits length, fruit diameter, No. of fruits and total yield), N, P, K and chlorophyll content as well as quality of fruits (C.protien, T.carbohydraties, D.faiber, V.C and V.A) were recorded to study the effects. As for, parameters of eggplant as affected by application of NPK fertilization there were a significantly increase with increasing rate of NPK from 50 up to 100% of the recommended dose then decreased with 150% NPK. The highest significant values of the aforementioned parameters were recorded with spraying plants by yeast extract (5 g/L.) comparing with the untreated plants. It could be observed that eggplants supplied with 100% NPK fertilization and foliar application of yeast gave the highest significant values of parameters under study.
At the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, El-Mansoura University, Egypt, a field experiment was carried out, to investigate the effect of zinc and iron individually or mixed as foliar application on cowpea plant growth, chemical composition, yield and its components as well as availability of nutrients in the soil, all that under phosphorus application effect. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replicates, assigning twelve treatments consisting of three levels of phosphorus (50, 100 and 150% from recommended dose) as main plot, and four levels of micronutrients foliarly (without, Zn, Fe and Zn+Fe) as sub plot. As for the effect of P-fertilization, the results show that all treatments significantly increased vegetative growth (plant height (cm), no. of branches/plant, no. of leaves/plant), yield and its components (No. of pods/plant, No. of seed/pod, 100 seed weight g and Seed yield Kg/fed.) as well as chemical (N, P, K, Zn and Fe) and quality composition (chlorophyll content, c.protien, T. carbohydraties and C. fiber.). These effects were more obvious especially at higher concentrations of these treatments 150% RD except chlorophyll content, quality parameters with 100% RD. The highest mean values of available P, Zn and Fe in the soil were recorded for the plants treated with P-fertilization at the rate of 100% from recommended dose, whereas the lowest values of available N and K were realized for the same treatment. On the other hand, foliar application with micronutrient has a significant effect on cowpea growth. The highest values of parameters observed with the mix of (Zn+Fe) comparing with the untreated plant. Moreover, the mix of micronutrient (Zn+Fe) recorded the highest values of available P, Zn and Fe, whereas the highest values of available N and K were recorder with the untreated plant. The interaction effect between P fertilization and micro nutrients show a promotive effect on growth parameters with using mix of Zn+Fe. The highest mean values of parameters was recorded under 150% P from RD, whereas the highest mean values of chlorophyll content, quality parameters and available P, Zn and Fe recorded with 100% P from RD and the lowest values of available N and K were realized for the same treatment.
During the two consecutive summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 at Faculty of Agric.; Damietta University, Damietta Governorate, Egypt, two pot experiments were conducted to examine the effect of phosphorus fertilization, organic fertilization and inoculation with Azotobacter as well as their interactions on nutrient uptake and yield of soybean plants (Glycine max L.). The experiment was performed using split-split plot design with 18 treatments in three replicates, three treatments of organic manure in form of chicken manure (without, 8 and 12 ton.fed -1 ) as the main plot, three rates of phosphorus fertilization (0, 36 and 54 kgp2o5.fed -1 ) as subplot and all treatments were studied twice; once in the presence of Azotobacter strains inoculants and the other without it as sub-sub plot. Individual organic manure increased N, P and K uptake by the plant, yield and its component (100-seed, g/plant, seed yield, g/plant, pod length, cm and pods weight, g/plant) and chemical composition of seed (N, P, K, protein and total carbohydrates%). Obtained results declare that phosphorus fertilizer treatments at 54 kg P2O5.fed -1 recorded the highest values of the mentioned parameters. Bio-fertilizers increased the traits especially in presence of Azotobacter comparing with the un-inoculated plant. So, the interaction between 12 ton.fed -1 chicken manure and 54 kg.fed -1 P2O5 in presence of Azotobacter was the best treatment to achieve the highest values of parameters under investigation during two seasons.
The present study was conducted at a private Farm, Kalabsho, Belqas Center, Dakahlia Governorate during the two successive seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. This investigation was layout to find the effect of Cultivars (Gloria and Diamond), phosphorus (0, 12, 24, 36, 48 kg P 2 O 5 fed-1 as a mono-super phosphate) and boron (0 , 0.750 and 1.125 kg Borax fed-1) and their interaction on yield, yield components and sucrose of sugar beet plants (Beta vulgaris, L.). A split-split-plot design with four replicates was done. Experimental unit (sub-sub plot) was10.5 m 2 (1/400/fed) "3x3.5 m" including 5 ridges each of 60 cm apart and 3.5 long. The importance findings can be summarized as follows:The highest values of top yield could be obtained from diamond in the 1 st season and Gloria Cultivar in the 2 nd one. The optimum phosphorus fertilizer treatments were 48 kg P 2 O 5 fed-1 , thereby it caused a significant increase and the greatest values of top yield. Moreover, the response of sugar beet top yield to the interaction varietal effects X boron fertilizer levels was significant in the two seasons. Phosphorus at a rate of 48 kg P 2 O 5 was the best treatment among other phosphorus treatments, which resulted in the maximum root yield in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons. Furthermore, control treatment (without addition) recorded the lowest mean in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. With expecting the impact of boron fertilizer effects on root yield, increasing its levels from 0 to 1.125 kg H 3 PO 4 fed-1 tended to increase root yield in the two growing seasons. Generally, the highest total yield achieved from Gloria cultivar with mean 30.72 Mg fed-1 while, Diamond cultivars recorded 28.44 Mg fed-1 in the first season. Meanwhile, in the second season the same trend were observed for cultivars Gloria which surpassed cultivars Diamond.cultivars of beets, Phosphorus showed a significant increase in sucrose % and increasing boron fertilizer levels from 0 to 0.750 and 1.125 kg Borax/fed tended to increase sucrose % from 16.82 to 16.89 and 16.98 in the first season and 20.17, 20.23 and 20.30% in the second season, respectively. It could be concluded that all used treatments significantly affected on suger beet yield and its component. The interaction between Gloria cultivars, phosphorus fertilizer at the rate of 48 kg P 2 O 5 fed-1 , boron at the rate of 1.125 kg fed-1 recorded the best in all used treatments.
Two field experiments were conducted during 2016 and 2017 summer seasons in a private farm near El-Mahalla El-Kobra, El-Gharbia governrate to evaluate the effect of three NPK levels (100, 75 and 50 percentage of NPK recommended dose) and NPK foliar application (with or without foliar NPK spraying) with three foliar activators applications (chitosan, moringa leaf extract and lithovit) as well as tap water as a control and their interactions on vegetative growth characters, ion percentage, yield and its quality of cucumber plants cv. prince. Obtained data revealed that 100 % of recommended NPK (120 kg N, 50 kg P 2 O 5 , 100 kg K 2 O/fed.) and foliar application with NPK at 3 g/l combined to foliar application with chitosan at 3 g/l gave the highest values of yield and its components i.e. (number of fruits, fruit yield/ plant, early and total yield/fed.), while 75% NPK of recommended dose (90 kg N, 37.5 kg P 2 O 5 , 75 kg K 2 O/fed.) plus NPK foliar application with spraying moringa leaf extract at 10 ml/l gave the highest values of vegetative growth parameters i.e. (number of leaves/plant, shoot fresh and dry weight, plant height), also chitosan at 3 g/l combined with foliar NPK and 75% of NPK recommended dose as soil application gave superiority in N, P and K percentage in cucumber leaves, in addition, total sugar, TSS and total chlorophyll in cucumber fruits. Thus, it can be recommended that use 75% NPK from recommended dose plus foliar application NPK and foliar spray with moringa leaf extract applications to decrease mineral fertilization which reflected on reducing production costs and mitigate the environmental pollution and protect the human health.
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