This article deals with the process of distribution of liquid meliorants on the surface of their application by means of a device for introducing liquid meliorants. The device itself is attached to the tillage working organ-the plane-cutting leg of the cultivator-deep-digger. In order to determine the quality of liquid spray and its distribution on the application surface, laboratory studies were conducted. The research was aimed at determining the optimal size of the hole diameters of the device to create a high-quality spray torch of the gas-liquid jet of meliorants. In the course of experiments, it was revealed that the rational diameters of the external (D) and internal (d) pipelines of the device for introducing liquid meliorants are D = 7 mm, d = 5 mm.
The device for applying meliorants is designed for the distribution of nutrients, presented in liquid form, in the sublap space of a plane-cutting tillage tool. Distribution is carried out by spraying liquid meliorants, which allows you to saturate the fertile soil layer with nutrients and substances to obtain a high yield. Spraying of liquid meliorants occurs due to the directional effect of compressed air on the liquid jet, as a result of which the jet breaks up into a finely dispersed medium, which makes it possible to moisten a significant part of the plow sole and the soil layer being cut. The formed layer, when falling from the dump of the working body to the plow sole, is destroyed and a favorable condition is created for the distribution of nutrients in the treated soil layer. Also, the optimal humidity necessary for the growth of crops is normalized and preserved from volatilization.
This article discusses the application and distribution of granulated ameliorants in the subshovel space during tillage with subsurface cultivator. Researches show that subsoil application of nutrient granules improves the agrophysical properties of soil, which in turn increases its fertility. The article presents obtained parameters of agrophysical properties before and after the passage of tillage unit; in particular hardness, volume crumbling coefficient and bulk weight of soil changed after granulated ameliorators were introduced into soil. The obtained results are close to reference values, which make it possible to judge the practical and effective use of this working tool for application of granulated ameliorators.
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