We investigate the doping-induced changes in the electronic structure of CeB 6 on a series of substituted Ce 1−x R x B 6 samples (R = La, Nd) using diffuse neutron scattering. We observe a redistribution of magnetic spectral weight across the Brillouin zone, which we associate with the changes in the Fermi-surface nesting properties related to the modified charge carrier concentration. In particular, a strong diffuse peak at the corner of the Brillouin zone (R point), which coincides with the propagation vector of the elusive antiferroquadrupolar (AFQ) order in CeB 6 , is rapidly suppressed by both La and Nd doping, like the AFQ order itself. The corresponding spectral weight is transferred to the X (00 1 2 ) point, ultimately stabilizing a long-range AFM order at this wave vector at the Nd-rich side of the phase diagram. At an intermediate Nd concentration, a broad diffuse peak with multiple local maxima of intensity is observed around the X point, evidencing itinerant frustration that gives rise to multiple ordered phases for which Ce 1−x Nd x B 6 is known. On the La-rich side of the phase diagram, however, dilution of the magnetic moments prevents the formation of a similar (00 1 2 )-type order despite the presence of nesting. Our results demonstrate how diffuse neutron scattering can be used to probe the nesting vectors in complex f-electron systems directly, without reference to the single-particle band structure, and emphasize the role of Fermi surface geometry in stabilizing magnetic order in rare-earth hexaborides.