The diurnal ingestive behavior of dairy cows on alfalfa pastures supplemented with corn silage and concentrate was evaluated. Sixteen Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation were used in a randomized block design. The treatments were partial replacement of corn silage for limited alfalfa grazing time (LGT) or unlimited grazing time (UGT). Rotational alfalfa grazing was used and the amount of concentrate fed was the same in both treatments. Behavioral activities observed were time spent grazing, rumination and idleness, during four days, from 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM. From 2:00 to 5:00 PM grazing was intermittent and short-lasting on UGT, whereas on LGT grazing activity was longer than UGT in the morning and at the end of the afternoon. Restriction in available grazing time clearly influenced the distribution of time spent with grazing, rumination and idleness throughout the day. However, this effect was not observed in the total time spent in these activities.
RESUMO:Em meio às inovações, é necessário manter sempre a eficiência dos sistemas agrícolas, com isso este trabalho visa avaliar a combinação motor bomba e inversor de frequência e seu grande diferencial inovador, interferindo diretamente na irrigação para fornecer uma alternativa para a diminuição do consumo de energia refletindo diretamente no aumento da eficiência. O comportamento do conjunto motor bomba foi caracterizado em testes de laboratório sob alimentação direta da rede e com o inversor de frequência nas frequências de 60, 55, 50 e 45 Hz. Foi feita a caracterização do comportamento do conjunto motor bomba foi medido também o consumo energético em cada um dos pontos. Os dados gerados nesse processo deram condições para criação de modelos matemáticos que representam bem o comportamento das variáveis de interesse envolvidas no bombeamento (vazão, altura manométrica, consumo de energia elétrica, etc.), para assim estimar valores em pontos de funcionamento com modo de operação distintos, facilitando a escolha do modo de operação mais eficiente. O inversor de frequência gerou economia de energia elétrica na ordem de 72% para uma mesma vazão, e 77% para uma mesma altura manométrica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Automação. Irrigação de Precisão. Transferência de Tecnologia. ENERGY EFFICIENCY MOTOR PUMP SET FOR IRRIGATION SYSTEMS INTEGRATED TO A FREQUENCY INVERTER SUMMARY:Under the global context increasingly intense of a sensible use of land for food production, with a rational agriculture and drinking water shortages, especially in Northeast Brazil, seeks to integrate the automation Agronomy. Amidst all these innovations, it is necessary to keep the system efficiency. The pump motor assembly behavior was characterized in laboratory tests under direct mains supply and the frequency inverter in the frequencies of 1 Mestrando em Eng.
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