This work summarizes results on the synthesis, morphology and transport properties of the new grade of nanocomposite materials based on polyaniline and sulphocationic perfluorinated membranes MF-4SC/Russia. The five types of the intercalation phenomena during the synthesis process of nanocomposite membranes are revealed and discussed. The transport properties and morphology peculiarities are investigated in dependence on the polyaniline distribution in the interior or on the surface of the basic membrane. The materials obtained are perspective for the application in the electrodialysis concentrating of salt solutions, fuel cells and sensor devices.
Changes in the conducting and hydrophilic properties of composites MF-4SC/polyaniline (PAni) under conditions of prolonged synthesis have been studied. A maximum of PAni content of about 0.20 by weight, which can be incorporated into the matrix of MF-4SC under these conditions of synthesis, is determined. Percolation behavior of electrical conductivity of the composites after drying was observed. The conductivity of PAni salt inside MF-4SC was estimated within the frames of the percolation model. Using the fibrous cluster model of the membrane and the conductivity data on individual PAni, theoretical assessment of the electrical conductivity of nanocomposite MF-4SC/PAni has been performed. Reasons for a significant reduction in the conductivity of PAni during its integration into the structure of the initial matrix were discussed. A scale of membrane conductivity, reflecting changes in the electrical conductivity of composites at various stages of synthesis, was drawn.
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