1 Anderson, R. M., Tsepenko, V. V., Gasteva, G. N., Molokanov, A. A., Sevan'kaev, A. V. and Goodhead, D. T. m-FISH analysis reveals complexity of chromosome aberrations in individuals occupationally exposed with internal plutonium: A pilot study to assess the relevance of complex aberrations as biomarkers of exposure to high-LET α-particles.
Radiat. Res.We recently demonstrated that a significant proportion of apparently stable insertions induced after exposure to a mean of 1 α-particle/cell, detected using 3-colour FISH, were part of larger unstable complexes when visualised by 24-colour FISH. Interestingly, regardless of the long-term persistence capability of the cell, the complexity of each α-particle-induced complex appeared to be specific to the nuclear traversal of a single α-particle. To assess whether aberrations of a similar complexity are observed in vivo and also to examine the usefulness of detecting such aberrations as a biomarker of chronic exposure to α-particles, we have carried out a limited pilot study of Russian workers with large body burdens of α-particle emitting plutonium (Pu). We found unstable cells containing non-transmissible complex aberrations in all of the Pu exposed subjects analysed by m-FISH. In addition, all of the complexes seen were consistent with those previously observed in vitro. Non-transmissible complex aberrations were more common than transmissible-type complexes, consistent with on-going/chronic exposure and insertions were dominant features of both type of complex. Accordingly, this preliminary study supports the proposal that aberration complexity and non-transmissibility are the major cytogenetic features of α-particle exposure that could potentially be exploited as a specific indicator of chronic exposures to high-LET α-particles.2
A set of programs has been created; it allows to carry out the thermodynamic analysis and kinetic computation of complex chemical reactions. A minimum mechanism describing the combustion kinetics of hydrogen is determined; the mechanism was used to solve an inverse task of finding parameters describing the experimental data of Kowalski at pressures of 7.4, 7.1, 6.8, 6.4 and 6.1 mm Hg. All obtained constants of direct and inverse reactions are interrelated by thermodynamic equilibrium constants. The parameters obtained for the maximum hydrogen combustion mechanism make it possible to describe well the ignition limits in Lewis and Egerton experiments. In carrying out further thermodynamic analysis, a minimal mechanism M-I is identified that corresponds to the maximum mechanism and with good accuracy describing the critical conditions of hydrogen combustion in the pressure interval 1 ÷ 200 mm Hg and temperatures of 400°C ÷ 600 °C. From the analysis of critical conditions, an analytical equation is obtained; roots of the equation give ignition limits close to the experimental ones.
A comprehensive manometric method for studying thermophysical characteristics and kinetics of thermal decomposition of components of fuels or lubricants for aircraft engines has been developed and tested, including a low-temperature unit of the Bourdon type and a new manometric unit for high temperatures and pressures. A comprehensive method has been developed for carrying out computational and experimental studies of the properties of new compounds on manometric installations. New data on thermophysical properties and kinetics of decane thermal decomposition for temperature and pressure ranges that are absent in the NIST information base was obtained [1].
The vapor pressure, enthalpy and entropy of evaporation, boiling point and critical parameters of four synthetic frame and spiranic hydrocarbons of interest for use as aircraft synthetic fuels or their components have been investigated
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