Ethanol fermented from potato peels is proposed as one alternative source of renewable energy called bioethanol. In this research bioethanol was produced through four stages namely acid hydrolysis, detoxification, fermentation and distillation. The acid hydrolysis process was carried out using sulphuric acid at 100oC for 60 minutes. The detoxification process was carried out by adding NH4OH into the hydrolyzate prior to fermentation. Distillation was performed up to 100oC and the distillate with the BP of 78-84oC was determined for its ethanol content using gas chromatography. The ethanol produced from 5 grams of dried potato peels through fermentation for 4, 5, 6, and 7 days 3.54%; 4,85%; 5,35%; and 6.15% respectively.
Asam askorbat atau vitamin C banyak terdapat pada minuman suplemen kemasan yang mudah ditemukan dimanapun dan penggunaanya yang relatif lebih praktis. Untuk mengetahui kadar vitamin C yang tepat dalam minuman suplemen dilakukan pengukuran dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode manakah yang lebih baik untuk analisis vitamin C dan mengetahui apakah kadar vitamin C yang tercantum pada label minuman suplemen kemasan sesuai dengan hasil metode langsung dan tidak langsung. Sampel dipreparasi menggunakan metode spektrofotometri secara langsung dan tidak langsung menggunakan logam pereduksi Cr6+ yang direaksikan dengan vitamin C pada sampel dan dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa analisis vitamin C dengan metode spektrofotometri lebih baik secara tidak langsung daripada secara langsung. Kadar vitamin C pada sampel minuman suplemen dalam kemasan A, B, dan C yang dianalisis dengan metode spektrofotometri secara langsung diperoleh masing-masing sebesar 1074,34 mg/L ; 5956,44 mg/L dan 6646,28 mg/L dengan nilai %kesesuaian kadar 88,91%, 89,35%, dan 89,66%. Sedangkan kadar vitamin C pada sampel minuman suplemen dalam kemasan A, B, dan C yang dianalisis dengan metode spektrofotometri secara tidak langsung diperoleh masing-masing 1178,17 mg/L ; 6162,41 mg/L dan 6718,58 mg/L dengan % kesesuaian kadar 97,50%, 92,44% dan 90,63%. Hasil uji -t menyatakan tidak ada perbedaan secara signifikan antara kadar vitamin C sampel A yang dianalisis dengan metode tidak langsung dengan kadar yang tertera di label kemasan. Sedangkan kadar vitamin C pada sampel B tidak berbeda secara signifikan baik ditentukan dengan metode langsung maupun tidak langsung. Kata kunci: Cr6+, minuman suplemen dalam kemasan, spektrofotometer UV-Vis, Vitamin C. Ascorbic acid or vitamin C contained in many supplement drinks are easily found anywhere and its use is relatively more practical. To find out the exact content of vitamin C in supplement drinks, measurements were carried out directly and indirectly using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. This study aims to find out which spectrophotometric method is better for vitamin C analysis and whether the vitamin C content listed on the supplement drink packaging label is in accordance with the results of the direct and indirect methods. Samples were prepared directly and indirectly using Cr6+ reducing metals reacted with the vitamin C in the samples and analyzed by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer methods. The results showed that the analysis of vitamin C by indirect spectrophotometric method was better than the direct one. Vitamin C contents in the supplement beverage samples of packaging A, B, and C analyzed using direct spectrophotometric method were 1074.34 mg/L; 5956.44 mg/L and 6646.28 mg/L with percentage of conformity of 88% 91.91%, 89.35% and 89.66%, respectively. Meanwhile, the vitamin C contents in the supplement drink samples of packaging A, B, and C analyzed by indirect spectrophotometric method were 1178.17 mg/L; 6162.41 mg/L and 6718.58 mg/L with percentage of conformity of 97.50%, 92.44% and 90.63%. The -t test results indicated that there was no significant difference of vitamin C content in the sample A analyzed by indirect methods from the content listed on the packaging label. The -t test results also stated that there is no significant difference of vitamin C content in the sample B analyzed either by direct or indirect method. Keywords: bottled supplement drinks, Cr6+, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, vitamin C.
Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) method is one of the most environmentally friendly methods of enzyme application in the extraction of bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum temperature and time required in the extraction of anthocyanin compounds from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) with and without ?-L-arabinofuranosidase (AbfA) - assisted. The AbfA enzyme was obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant strain BJ1824 contain pYHMI-Af plasmid. The optimum temperature and time in the extraction of anthocyanin compound with and without ?-L-arabinofuranosidase from purple sweet potato were performed on the 40, 50, 60 and 700C; and 150, 180, 210 minutes. The extraction was done by ethanol solvent of 60,32% (v/v) acidified with citric acid of 2,39% (b/v). The measurement of anthocyanin levels using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at 527 nm and 700 nm wavelengths at pH 1,0 and 4,5. The optimum condition of non-enzyme-assisted extraction was at 600C for 210 minutes, with the anthocyanin levels of 26,3842 mg/L; while with the AbfA enzyme-assisted at 500C for 180 minutes, with the anthocyanin levels of 28,2056 mg/L. The extraction with enzyme-assisted resulted the anthocyanin levels of 6,90% higher than without the using of enzyme.
Tanah hutan mangrove Pantai Suwung Kauh Bali dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber penghasil enzim, salah satunya adalah lipase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya aktivitas lipase dengan dan tanpa penambahan minyak jelantah dan pengaruh waktu inkubasi terhadap aktivitas lipase tanah hutan mangrove. Metode titrasi asam-basa digunakan dalam pengukuran aktivitas lipase dengan waktu inkubasi selama 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 dan 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan minyak jelantah dapat meningkatkan aktivitas lipase. Peningkatan aktivitas lipase diduga disebabkan oleh lipida yang terkandung dalam minyak jelantah dapat menginduksi lipase dari mikroorganisme lipolitik yang ada dalam tanah. Aktivitas lipase tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 0,0996 U/mL dengan penambahan minyak jelantah pada inkubasi hari ke-6. Aktivitas lipase dengan penambahan minyak jelantah dan dengan aerasi dihasilkan aktivitas lipase yang lebih tinggi sebesar 0,1250 U/mL dengan waktu inkubasi 5 hari. Waktu inkubasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap aktivitas lipase pada tanah hutan mangrove dengan dan tanpa penambahan minyak jelantah.
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