An effective system of children’s and youth sports, selection and preparation of a the reserve for national teams predetermines the success of athletes in international competitions. Therefore, the development of medical and biological support of children’s sports is an important part of sports medicine. It is proved that when building a training process for different ages, it is necessary to take into account the adaptation processes, as well as the energy supply of the child’s organism. Based on numerous studies, we can conclude that mitochondria play the most important role in the process of energy supply, as well as carnitine, a substance that is a carrier of long chain fatty acids into the cytosol, an activator of beta oxidation and the Krebs cycle. Timely detection of factors adversely affecting and limiting physical activity at the macro level (overtraining, incompatibility of physical activity with the body capabilities) and at the micro level (carnitine deficiency), the ability to eliminate these factors and the adequate use of correction tools help to achieve high results in sports and preserve the health of the athlete.
Based on the currently available scientific literature, indices of cellular energy status, in particular the ability of elevated levels of carnitine in muscle tissue, may be associated with a protective effect on neuromuscular fatigue. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between cellular energy exchange and endurance in young athletes. Materials and methods. The study included children and adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The main research group (94 young athletes) consisted of two subgroups depending on the nature of the training load - cyclic (46) and game (48) sports. The control group - 37 children engaged in physical education only at school. Special research methods: tandem chromatography-mass spectrometry and cardiorespiratory stress testing. Results. The indices of free carnitine in young athletes, depending on the type of sports load, have significant differences. The use of the Tukey criterion revealed that the content of free carnitine in athletes with cyclic loads is significantly higher than in athletes of game types and the control group. Differences in absolute and relative maximum oxygen consumption (MIC) in the study groups were significant. Evaluation of the absolute index of the IPC showed that in boys - athletes of cyclic sports, the level of IPC is higher than that of athletes of game types and control groups. Relative indices of the IPC show similar trends. Conclusion. It was found that the indices of cellular energy and IPC in young athletes of cyclic sports are significantly higher in comparison with playing sports. With a comprehensive study of the energy status of young athletes, it is possible to predict the level of physical performance. The contribution of the level of free carnitine to the variance of the absolute MIC index is 20.9% (p < 0.01).
Purpose. To assess physical performance of children doing sports on the basis of carnitine exchange indicators.Characteristics of children and research methods. The study involved 94 young athletes and 37 schoolchildren (Control Group). The researchers studied such indicators as free and bound carnitine, maximum oxygen consumption and body composition.Results. The study noted positive reliable correlations between the level of absolute maximum oxygen consumption and the content of total and free carnitine in the blood. The data obtained may indicate greater aerobic performance in athletes with a high level of free carnitine in the blood, since its sufficient amount provides adequate cellular energy exchange.Conclusion. Thus, studying the state of carnitine indicators and body composition, it is possible to predict physical performance of children and to prevent deterioration of health in children during intense physical exertion.
2016; 61: 5: 183-186. DOI: 10.21508/1027 61: 5: 183-186. DOI: 10.21508/ -4065-2016 The study of the blood levels of amino acids and carnitine will be able to predict the performance efficiency of young athletes. Objective: to determine blood amino acid concentrations in young athletes and to establish whether they are correlated with the level of carnitine. The study group included 94 athletes with different types of physical activity, as well as children from the control group. The study was conducted by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after capillary blood sampling. An analysis of the obtained samples determined the levels of 12 amino acids and identified differences in relation to the type of exercise and gender. The contribution of two amino acids to the variance of the level of bound carnitine was estimated. The contribution of the levels of methionine and phenylalanine was 51.1 and 47.8%, respectively. Thus, the study of the content of amino acids, the level of carnitine, and their relationship can predict the performance efficiency of young athletes, which is especially important to prevent their worse health and lower performance. Keywords: children, young athletes, carnitine metabolism, amino acids, methionine, phenylalanine
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