The metabolic syndrome, which covers a wide variety of pathological concerns, is rapidly becoming a global pandemic. This syndrome is difficult to treat pharmacologically. Physiotherapy techniques, which have both local and systemic effects, can be employed as a suitable substitute. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of a program of simultaneous physiotherapy that included migrant transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and the exposure to an alternating low-frequency electrostatic field (LFEF) in the treatment of metabolic syndrome patients. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to three study groups. While continuing the usual drug therapy the first group (30 patients) received LFEF intervention, the second group (30 patients) received TMS, and the third group (30 patients) underwent the simultaneous use of these non-invasive techniques (LFEF + TMS). All treatments involved 10 sessions with daily frequency. In all the patients before and after treatment body weight, blood pressure parameters, levels of insulin, cortisol, glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins, malondialdehyde, and Schiff bases, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and of the superoxide dismutase were studied. The changes in the outcomes assessed revealed a different reaction to therapy with LFEF or TMS, as well as a greater benefit when both treatments were used at the same time. A simultaneous LFEF and TMS intervention seems a promising resource for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome, particularly of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
The article analyzes the mechanisms of the effect of low-frequency electrostatic field (LESF) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), as well as their combined use, on various functional systems in patients with metabolic syndrome under placebo control. It was found that LESF activates the microcirculatory-tissue system, while TMS optimizes the hormonal regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, with both physical factors having approximately equal antithrombolytic and hypotensive effects. When used together, the biological potential of these factors is summed up. The revealed patterns were confirmed in patients with post-COVID syndrome. In addition, they showed a decrease in the activity of inflammatory processes, an improvement in blood oxygen saturation and a decrease in the severity of depression. It is concluded that it is advisable to use these technologies to correct metabolic disorders and increase the effectiveness of the treatment of post-COVID syndrome.
The paper analyzes the dynamics of indicators characterizing the state of various functional body systems in patients with metabolic syndrome with the combined use of transcranial magnetic therapy and low-frequency electrostatic field in order to identify the main predictors of effectiveness. It was found that with such exposure, against the background of a significant increase in clinical efficacy, the degree of variation of dynamic changes increases, which is due to the difference in the initial condition of patients. It was revealed that the most pronounced therapeutic effect is observed in patients with preserved reserve and adaptive capabilities in the system of hemostasis, lipid peroxidation, micro-circulatory system and insulin regulation of glucose metabolism.
This study is devoted to assessing the effect of a single simultaneous exposure to a low-frequency electrostatic field and transcranial magnetic therapy on non-specific systemic adaptation mechanisms. Objective: to evaluate the effect of a single combined exposure to a low-frequency electrostatic field and transcranial magnetic therapy on the stress-realizing and stress-limiting systems of the human body. Material and methods of research. The study involved 83 male volunteers aged 25 to 38 years (the average age was 31,4±0,33 years), who did not have any chronic diseases and risk factors for their development (the first health group), who were divided into four groups by simple fixed randomization. The first group (control group, 21 people) received placebo treatment (imitation of physiotherapy treatment with the device turned off). In the second group (main group 1, 20 people), the volunteers were singly exposed to transcranial magnetic therapy with traveling magnetic field (TMT TMF) using the device «Amo-Atos» with the attachment «Headband» (RU from 18.11.2011 №FSR 2011/12325). In the third group (main group 2, 21 people), the volunteers were singly exposed to low-frequency electrostatic field (LFESF) using the multifunctional therapeutic system «Khivamat-200» (RU from 12.04.2017 №RZN 2017/5597). To assess the stress-realizing and stress-limiting systems of the body, an analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was performed, which allows determining the tone of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Blood levels of ACTH, cortisol, glucagon, LPO products (malondialdehyde (MDA) and Schiff base (SB)), as well as insulin and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) were measured. The study was carried out three times: in the initial state, after 30 minutes, and a day after the end of the single exposure to the complex of physiofactors. The results obtained allow concluding that the criteria for the optimality of a combined single exposure to physiotherapeutic factors is a stable activation of stress-limiting mechanisms against the background of an initial moderate increase and gradual diminishment of stress-realizing manifestations. The dynamics of the estimated indicators observed a day after the exposure indicates the increasing adaptive capabilities of the body to minimize stress-damaging effects. A single simultaneous application of physiotherapy factors demonstrated the possibility of targeted implementation of the strategy of adaptation and control of the severity of physiological, hormonal and metabolic changes within the framework of a non-specific stress response, which opens up new opportunities for optimizing the treatment process.
BACKGROUND: A personalized approach to the use of therapeutic physical factors should take into account individual predictor biomarkers, which are predictive information regarding the effectiveness of the treatment, taking into account the initial state of the patient's reserve capabilities. The metabolic syndrome was defined as a model of a pathological condition characterized by reduced functional reserves. Previous studies have shown that transcranial magnetotherapy (TMT) and pulsed low-frequency exposure to an electrostatic field (INESP) have potential effectiveness in relation to the pathogenetic manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. AIM: The purpose of the study is to determine the predictors of effectiveness in the implementation of personalized combined use of TMT and INESP in patients with metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 100 patients with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome established in accordance with clinical guidelines. All patients were divided into four groups of 25 by simple fixed randomization. The first group (control) received a placebo effect (imitation of physiotherapeutic effects with the device turned off) for 10 days of observation. Patients of the second group (comparison group 1) were exposed to a low frequency electrostatic field (INESP). The third group (comparison group 2) received transcranial magnetic therapy with a traveling magnetic field (TMT). Patients of the fourth group (main) were subjected to a combined effect of INESP and TMT. All patients before and after a course of physiotherapy underwent a comprehensive examination using functional, biochemical and hormonal methods. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the Statistica 12.6 software package using the algorithms of correlation and regression analyses. RESULTS: The analysis performed using the multiple regression algorithm made it possible to identify a cluster of independent variables in the form of an autonomic balance index, microcirculation index, body mass index and catalase activity, determined in the initial value of patients. The high efficiency of the combined use of TMT and INESP is achieved with a probability of at least 95% in patients with metabolic syndrome, the initial state of which is characterized by a level of the autonomic balance index below 1.7 conventional units. units, tissue perfusion parameter more than 14 perf. units, BMI value below 29 c.u. units and catalase activity above 90 units. аct. The results of the verification of the constructed information model convincingly prove its adequacy and objectively confirm compliance with the stated forecast requirements. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the identified constellation of phenotypic patterns, which characterizes the state of the pathological process, reflects the main pathogenetic mechanisms that determine the severity of clinical and functional manifestations of metabolic syndrome. Evaluation of the initial values of the autonomic balance index, microcirculation index, body mass index and catalase activity in patients with metabolic syndrome makes it possible to predict the expected effectiveness of the course combined use of TMT and INESP.
The study is devoted to the analysis of the internal mechanisms of the realization of biological effects of the combined use of a low-frequency alternating electrostatic field and transcranial magnetic stimulation with a running magnetic field in patients with metabolic syndrome. The results obtained allow concluding that the simultaneous course effect of these physiotherapeutic factors is accompanied by the development of a synergistic effect, objectively assessed by a set of parameters characterizing the state of the microcirculatory-tissue system, metabolic processes and peroxide metabolism. The quantitative assessment carried out using the synergy factor allowed classifying the type of interaction of physical factors as potentiation. The analysis of the internal mechanisms of supraadditive interaction made it possible to establish that this phenomenon can be most accurately explained from the standpoint of epigenetic regulation, which is a change in gene expression with the preservation of the DNA sequence and which determines the phenomenon of functional cumulation during the course of physiotherapeutic factors. The epigenetic model of the realization of synergy acts as a molecular evidence base for the sanogenetic effects observed in patients with metabolic syndrome under the systemotropic effect of physiotherapeutic factors.
The article analyzes the existing approaches to the implementation of personalized application of corrective actions. In relation to the factors of combined physiotherapy, the information value of the search and selection of predictor biomarkers from among the parameters reflecting the initial hormonal, metabolic, and hemodynamic characteristics of patients is considered. It has been found that a cluster of variables, including body mass index, catalase activity, vegetative balance index, and tissue microcirculation index, has a predictive information value in relation to the combined use of transcranial magnetic therapy and a pulsed low-frequency electrostatic field. The performed verification of the obtained information model of multiple regression convincingly proves its adequacy and objectively confirms compliance with the specified requirements.
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