自然公園における写真を用いた混雑感と許容限界の把握について

Application of the double-bounded dichotomous choice model to the estimation of crowding acceptability in natural recreation areas

“…There is also a possibility that the difference in the ranges pointed out by existing research may have been influenced (Gibson et al, 2014). Differences of behavior and placement of people in the photographs of the four sites may have affected the responses (Aikoh et al, 2002;Arnberger & Haider, 2005;Arnberger et al, 2010;Manning and Freimund, 2004).…”

“…Fuji, which have been designated as World Heritage Sites in recent years (Ishikawa et al, 2013). Since the 1990's, studies of crowding norms and other relevant issues have been carried out, drawing on research examples in North America (Aikoh, Cheng, & Asakawa, 2002;Mieno et al, 2016;Terasaki et al, 2011). The visual approach has also made it possible to conduct international comparison studies of sites that are distant from each other, such as a comparative of sites in Austria and Japan (Arnberger et al, 2010).…”

The Effects of Westerners’ Presence on Japanese Evaluations of a Historic District: The Case of Takayama City

“…Naoi, Airey, and Iijima (2009) found results similar to Naoi et al (2007) using slide experiments. Aikoh et al (2002) investigated the effects of the number of people in photographs of a nature tourist attraction and found that the number of people in the photographs positively related to perceptions of crowding.…”

“…These pairs of words were adopted from the results of previous studies (Aikoh et al, 2002;Naoi et al, 2009;Naoi & Iijima, 2004). The word pairs used in the study are listed in Table 1.…”

“…Past studies have found relationships between the presence of other people and actual or potential visitors' evaluations of tourist attractions (Aikoh, Cheng & Asakawa, 2002;Naoi, Airey, Iijima, & Niininen, 2006Naoi & Iijima, 2004). However, they have not examined the effects of the other people's characteristics on the evaluations of tourist attractions.…”