Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Properties of oil and petroleum products largely depend on the fractional and chemical composition, on the quantitative content of different components in them, their qualitative characteristics, as well as on the dispersed composition of the oil system. Examples of oil dispersed systems are given in accordance with their classification. The dispersed phase and its structure are considered on the basis of classical concepts as a complex structural unit consisting of a nuclear and layers surrounding it. The dispersion degree is defined by the forces of intermolecular interaction between the nucleus and layers of a complex structural unit, as well as between the layers. A great contribution to forming and stability of a complex structural unit is made by bonds based on spin-spin and spin-polarized interactions. The diamagnetic components of the system form a dispersion environment. The greater a dispersion, the stronger the molecular kinetic factors become, the more intensive the diffusion processes are, the sedimentation stability increases, and the physico-chemical processes at the phase boundary accelerate. Therefore, dispersion is one of the most important factors of oil dispersed systems that determine their properties (viscosity, flash and solidification temperatures, fractional composition, density). The study of changes in the dispersion of the system under various kinds of influences, determined by the size of the average diameter of the particles of the dispersed phase, makes it possible to identify the most favorable conditions for the implementation of technological processes during transportation, storage, processing, and ensuring environmental safety. The proposed photoelectrocolorimetric method for determining a mean diameter of particles of the dispersed phase of dark and viscous petroleum products differs from the well-known method in that it is carried out without diluting the sample, which could distort its dispersed composition. Besides, the sample optical density is determined in a thin fixed layer of a petroleum product due to a hard insert between the slides. The analysis methodology is described including a description of the device, a sequence of preparation and measurement, as well as processing of the results obtained.
Properties of oil and petroleum products largely depend on the fractional and chemical composition, on the quantitative content of different components in them, their qualitative characteristics, as well as on the dispersed composition of the oil system. Examples of oil dispersed systems are given in accordance with their classification. The dispersed phase and its structure are considered on the basis of classical concepts as a complex structural unit consisting of a nuclear and layers surrounding it. The dispersion degree is defined by the forces of intermolecular interaction between the nucleus and layers of a complex structural unit, as well as between the layers. A great contribution to forming and stability of a complex structural unit is made by bonds based on spin-spin and spin-polarized interactions. The diamagnetic components of the system form a dispersion environment. The greater a dispersion, the stronger the molecular kinetic factors become, the more intensive the diffusion processes are, the sedimentation stability increases, and the physico-chemical processes at the phase boundary accelerate. Therefore, dispersion is one of the most important factors of oil dispersed systems that determine their properties (viscosity, flash and solidification temperatures, fractional composition, density). The study of changes in the dispersion of the system under various kinds of influences, determined by the size of the average diameter of the particles of the dispersed phase, makes it possible to identify the most favorable conditions for the implementation of technological processes during transportation, storage, processing, and ensuring environmental safety. The proposed photoelectrocolorimetric method for determining a mean diameter of particles of the dispersed phase of dark and viscous petroleum products differs from the well-known method in that it is carried out without diluting the sample, which could distort its dispersed composition. Besides, the sample optical density is determined in a thin fixed layer of a petroleum product due to a hard insert between the slides. The analysis methodology is described including a description of the device, a sequence of preparation and measurement, as well as processing of the results obtained.
Physico-chemical properties and behavior in the processes of extraction, transportation, processing, storage and use of petroleum products depend on the chemical, component and dispersed composition of oils, gas conden-sates, oil-like systems. For qualified management of these processes, it is necessary to understand the role of the composition and structure of oil dispersed systems (VAT). The classical descriptions of the structural elements of VAT are considered, their main varieties and types are given. It is shown how the size of a dispersed phase or a complex structural unit can change when external conditions change. Models of the structure of asphaltenes and resins, their composition and structure are given. A variety of approaches to the description of their structure and interaction with each other is shown, ranging from classical Ian-Mullins concepts to modern interpretations based on data from spectral analyses of nuclear magnetic and electron paramagnetic resonances (NMR and EPR) micrographs of a scanning electron microscope, computational computer programs. A hypothetical model of a complex structural unit formed by various groups of organic compounds from the standpoint of paired exchange interactions based on the paramagnetism of resinous-asphaltene molecules and compounds with a high carbon/hydrogen ratio is considered. Examples of the structure of complex polyheterophase oil dispersed systems containing particles of mechanical impurities, globules of water, bubbles of dissolved gases, demonstrating the multilevel structure of VAT, are given. Oil dispersed systems are, due to the extreme variety of compounds and impurities included in them, very complex objects, the study of the composition and structure of which is necessary for the qualified management of the processes of extraction, processing, transportation and storage of oil and petroleum products. Knowledge of the composition and structure of VAT, its dependence on external influences, on changes in conditions affecting it, the possibility of intensification of technological processes. The polyheterogenic composition and multilevel structure of VAT must be taken into account when determining the optimal effects on VAT in the processes of extraction, transportation, processing, storage of oil and the use of petroleum products. The chemical and component composition of VAT can be analyzed by known methods, including column chromatography, and the dispersed composition of dark petroleum products is determined by spectrophotometric method.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.