Нейтрофильные Гранулоциты: Отражение В Зеркале Современных Представлений

Нестерова, И. В.; Чудилова, Г. А.; Ковалева, С. В.; Тараканов, В.А.; Ломтатидзе, Л.В.; Колесникова, Н.В.; Русинова, Т. В.; Евглевский, А.А.; Малиновская, В.В.

doi:10.17513/np.334

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Стимулированный цитохимический индекс (СЦИст) и коэффициент мобилизации (КМ) определяются при проведении NBT-теста с нейтрофильными гранулоцитами и отражают кислородзависимую микробицидную активность НГ, являясь интегральными показателями активности клеточного иммунитета. Кроме того, согласно мнению ряда авторов, данные параметры чувствительно реагируют на малейшие сдвиги гомеостаза, отражая, в широком смысле, состояние реактивности макроорганизма [15]. Наблюдаемое у пациентов основной группы снижение уровней данных показателей (рис.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

To Evaluate the Effectiveness of Plasmapheresis as a Method for the Graft Disease Prevention in Patients with Keratoplasty

et al. 2021

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Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of plasmapheresis as a method for preventing and treating the graft rejection reaction in corneal transplantation.Patients and methods. The study involved patients with surgical pathology of the cornea, who underwent a prophylactic course of plasmapheresis procedures and underwent penetrating keratoplasty (Main group); and patients with surgical pathology of the cornea who underwent penetrating keratoplasty, but did not undergo plasmapheresis (Comparison group), whose data were analyzed retrospectively. The control group consisted of conditionally healthy individuals of both genders. Subgroups of patients with high and low risk keratoplasty were also identified within the Main group and the Comparison group.Results. Patients with keratoplasty who received a course of therapeutic plasmapheresis in the perioperative period demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the number of cases of a decrease in the level of C-reactive protein and a statistically significant decrease in the median values of the mean stimulated cytochemical index and the mobilization coefficient. Depending on the risk group for keratoplasty, the patients showed different dynamics of the levels of the studied interleukins after the course of plasmapheresis and keratoplasty. In patients of the Comparison group who did not receive a course of plasmapheresis in the preoperative period, over a period of 1.3 years, 22 cases (24 %) developed graft disease, while patients of both subgroups of the Main group who received a course of therapeutic plasmapheresis in the preoperative period, didn’t demonstrate any cases of graft disease. In patients of the Comparison group (in total for two subgroups), the maximum number of cases of graft disease (n = 24) was observed in the first 500 days after surgery. At the same time, the patients of the Main group who underwent plasmapheresis had the best graft survival rates: during the observation period, there were no cases of graft disease (in both subgroups).Conclusion: the obtained data indicate the ability of plasmapheresis, performed in the perioperative period, to prevent the development of graft disease in patients with keratoplasty.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

To Evaluate the Effectiveness of Plasmapheresis as a Method for the Graft Disease Prevention in Patients with Keratoplasty

et al. 2021

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“…На сегодняшний день накоплен довольно большой объем информации об особенностях строения, работы и функций нейтрофильных гранулоцитов (НГ). Известно, что они относятся к наиболее многочисленной популяции циркулирующих в крови лейкоцитов (~57%), являются клетками иммунной систе-мы, которые формируют первую линию защиты [140], обладают мощным микробицидным и регуляторным потенциалом [9], способны осуществлять килинг различных патогенов (бактерий, вирусов, грибов, одноклеточных) в локусах воспаления, используя различные интрацеллюлярные и экстрацеллюлярные механизмы [48]. До недавнего времени в научных кругах считалось, что основным способом 2023, Т.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the immunopathogenesis of severe COVID-19: potential immunotherapeutic strategies regulating NET formation and activity

Нестерова

Atazhakhova

Teterin

et al. 2023

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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The role of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is associated with the recruitment of NG into inflammatory foci, activation of their functions and enhanced formation of neutrophil extracellular networks (NETs). In this review, we analyzed a fairly large volume of scientific literature devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of NETs, their role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, participation in the occurrence of immunothrombosis, vasculitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm syndrome, multi-organ lesions. Convincing data are presented that clearly indicate the significant involvement of NETs in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and the associated severe complications resulting from the intensification of the inflammation process, which is key for the course of infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The presented role of NG and NETs, along with the role of other immune system cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines, is extremely important in understanding the development of an overactive immune response in severe COVID-19. The obtained scientific results, available today, allow identifying the possibilities of regulatory effects on hyperactivated NG, on the formation of NETs at various stages and on limiting the negative impact of already formed NETs on various tissues and organs. All of the above should help in the creation of new, specialized immunotherapy strategies designed to increase the chances of survival, reduce the severity of clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19, as well as significantly reduce mortality rates. Currently, it is possible to use existing drugs and a number of new drugs are being developed, the action of which can regulate the amount of NG, positively affect the functions of NG and limit the intensity of NETs formation. Continuing research on the role of hyperactive NG and netosis, as well as understanding the mechanisms of regulation of the phenomenon of formation and restriction of NETs activity in severe COVID-19, apparently, are a priority, since in the future the new data obtained could become the basis for the development of targeted approaches not only to immunotherapy aimed at limiting education and blocking negative effects already formed NETs in severe COVID-19, but also to immunotherapy, which could be used in the complex treatment of other netopathies, first of all, autoimmune diseases, auto-inflammatory syndromes, severe purulent-inflammatory processes, including bacterial sepsis and hematogenous osteomyelitis.

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“…Тем не менее работа по изучению влияния ВВИГ на фенотип субпопуляций НГ, непосредственно отвечающих за функциональный потенциал клеток, не проводилась. Вместе с тем при воспалении может быстро происходить изменение плотности экспрессии молекул (CD11b, CD64, CD32, CD16) -триггеров биоцидности НГ, способных инициировать фагоцитоз, антителозависмую цитотоксичность (АЗКЦ), образование активных форм кислорода и NET [6,16].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on the negatively transformed subpopulations of neutrophilic granulocytes in newborns with congenital pneumonia and neonatal sepsis

Nesterova,

Kovaleva,

Chudilova

et al. 2023

Med. immunol.

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Today, the diagnosis and treatment of severe infectious and inflammatory diseases in newborns, e.g., congenital pneumonia (CP) and neonatal sepsis (NS), present difficult problems. Searching sensitive and specific severity markers of bacterial inflammatory process as well as early and effective treatment are crucial for the outcome and prognosis of these life-threatening diseases. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) injections on the negatively transformed subpopulations of neutrophilic granulocytes (NG) СD64-CD16+СD32+СD11b+, СD64+CD16+СD32+СD11b+ and evaluation of their functional activity in newborns with CP and NS. We have observed 38 full-term newborn patients. Group 1 included 19 infants with CP, including 11 children who received conventional therapy and IVIG (group 1.1), and 8 children treated at conventional protocols (group 1.2). Group 2 included 19 children with NS, including 12 children who underwent conventional therapy and IVIG treatment (group 2.1), and 7 children who were subject to conventional therapy (group 2.2). The comparison group consisted of 22 healthy full-term newborns. Testing of NG population included the following parameters: counting the numbers of NG subpopulations which simultaneously expressed CD11b CD64, CD32, CD16, as well as their phenotypic patterns, with regard of the receptor expression density (MFI) using flow cytometric techniques. Moreover, we determined phagocytic and microbicidal activity of the granulocytes. We have revealed negative transformation of СD64-CD16+СD32+СD11b+ and СD64+CD16+СD32+СD11b+ subpopulations of neutrophilic granulocytes in newborns with CP and NS, The diagnostic significance of increased СD64+CD16+СD32+СD11b+NG subpopulation was more pronounced with increasing severity of bacterial infection and inflammatory process, i.e., 18.7-fold in CP, 52.3-fold in NS, along with predominant decrease in expression of appropriate membrane receptors. These phenotypic changes were associated with impaired phagocytic and killing activity of NG. The effect of IVIG on the impaired mechanisms of antibacterial immunity is associated not only with alleviation of IgG deficiency, but also with positive remodeling of negatively transformed subpopulations of СD64-CD16+СD32+СD11b+NG and СD64+CD16+СD32+СD11b+NG, improved effector functions of NG, especially in cases of CP. Thus, following IVIG treatment, a reduced number of СD64-CD16+СD32+СD11b+NG subpopulations was fully recovered in CP, while it increased 1.5 times in NS, and the content of diagnostically significant СD64+CD16+СD32+СD11b+NG subpopulation showed a significantly decrease, both in CP (2-fold) and in NS (2.6-fold). However, this index remained higher than the content of this subpopulation in healthy newborns. At the same time, we have noted the restorative or modulatory effects by changing density of trigger molecules in NG subpopulations. Limitation of the negative NG transformation in their functionally significant subpopulations in newborns with CAP and NS was accompanied by positive clinical effects, i.e., optimization of antibiotic therapy, reduced duration of treatment, and improved mortality rates.

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Нейтрофильные Гранулоциты: Отражение В Зеркале Современных Представлений

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

To Evaluate the Effectiveness of Plasmapheresis as a Method for the Graft Disease Prevention in Patients with Keratoplasty

To Evaluate the Effectiveness of Plasmapheresis as a Method for the Graft Disease Prevention in Patients with Keratoplasty

The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the immunopathogenesis of severe COVID-19: potential immunotherapeutic strategies regulating NET formation and activity

Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on the negatively transformed subpopulations of neutrophilic granulocytes in newborns with congenital pneumonia and neonatal sepsis

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