Генетический Контроль Устойчивости К Стеблевой Ржавчине У Интрогрессивных Линий Твердой Пшеницы, Производных Triticum Timopheevii Zhuk.

Abstract

Breeding for long-lasting resistance to pathogens in cultivated crops is possible only in the presence of various donors of immune genes. Distant hybridization is considered as the main way to solve strategic tasks in this direction. Tetraploid endemic wheat Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. has a complex immunity to harmful fungal diseases and can be a valuable source of useful genes to create immune wheat varieties. A genetic analysis of the factors determining the resistance to Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. et Henn. in three durum wheat introgressive lines derived from T. timopheevii has been carried out. The study of the genetic control of resistance to stem rust was performed by hybridological analysis in F1 -F3 hybrid generations derived from the crossing immune lines with an initial variety of durum wheat. Infectious background was created in the experimental field by inoculating plants at tillering stage with race 17. We discovered three genes have determined the resistance in both HT-10 and HT-12 lines: one dominant, one recessive and one dominant complementary to the first two genes. HT-7 line carries in its genome four genes: two dominants, one semi dominant providing the resistance at complementary interaction with another dominant gene. Independent inherited factors of resistance to stem rust in T. timopheevii are localized in different linkage groups, exhibiting homology with the durum wheat chromosomes. The possibility of the using new sources of resistance to protect wheat crops from plant pathogens was discussed.

Genetic analysis of morphological traits of the spike and reproductivity elements of speltoid chemomutant Triticum aestivum

“…In this respect, wild-growing, semi-wild and long time forgotten species are donors of high content of protein, gluten, lysine, microelements, antioxidants and resistance to low amounts of macroelements in the soil (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), diseases and pests (Longin et al, 2016). As a result of remote hybridization with participation of parents with different sets of alleles, not only interspecies transfer of genes is possible, but emergence of a different type of micromutation, which in some cases can be useful for selective breeding (Hlebova & Baryisheva, 2016). The presence of genome composition homologous to T. aestivum (АuBD) and inherently determined agriculturally valuable traits (modest requirements in terms of agricultural conditions, clearly expressed positive reaction to nitrogen nutrition, high content of protein in the grain) makes allohexaploid species of spelta wheat (T. spelta) valuable as a source of genetic improvement of the quality of soft wheat (Guzman et al, 2016;Rap et al, 2017;Deordiieva et al, 2018;Suchowilska et al, 2020).…”

Development and characterisation of interspecific hybrid lines with genome-wide introgressions from Triticum timopheevii in a hexaploid wheat background

“…T. timopheevii has been shown to be a valuable source of new disease resistance genes including leaf rust resistance [5, 31, 57, 59], stem rust resistance [1, 26, 47, 48, 63], powdery mildew resistance [21, 24, 49] and Fusarium head blast resistance [4, 6, 13]. In addition to the resistance genes, T. timopheevii has been shown to contain genetic variation for salt tolerance [67] and protein content [43, 69].…”