ω-3 and ω-6  Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Regulate the Proliferation, Invasion and Angiogenesis of Gastric Cancer Through COX/PGE Signaling Pathway

Ma, Jiachi; Zhang, Chen-Song; Liang, Wanqing; Li, Lei; Du, Jie; Pan, Chengwu; Chen, Bangling; Chen, Yuzhong; Wang, Qianqian

doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.802009

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is not easy to perform studies regarding the effects of dietary components on human health; therefore researchers have conducted a large number of in vitro and animal-based studies. In one in vitro study, omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs were found to increase or inhibit the metastatic potential of gastric cancer via COX-1/PGE3 and COX-2/PGE2, respectively ( 31 ). In an animal study, it was shown that the activation of TLR4 in rats is inhibited by a high dietary omega-6/omega-3 PUFA ratio, which in turn reduces their circulating lipid concentrations, improves their glucose tolerance, and ameliorates their insulin resistance ( 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with esophageal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Chen,

Huang

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been widely studied and used as nutritional supplements because of their anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies have shown an association between polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs with the development of malignant tumors. However, the relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs with esophageal diseases have not been characterized.MethodsMendelian randomization (MR) is a statistical method for identifying instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, and is associated with little confounding by environmental or other disease-related factors. We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from previously published studies on circulating concentrations of omega-3, omega-6, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and linoleic acid (LA), as well as esophageal cancer and other esophageal diseases, which were downloaded from the IEU OpenGwas database (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/) and the GWAS Catalog database (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/). The inverse variance-weighted approach was used as the principal analysis, and the MR–Egger and weighted median methods were used alongside. A series of sensitivity analyses were used to ensure the robustness of the causality estimates.ResultsWe found that the circulating omega-3 PUFAs concentration was positively associated with esophageal cancer (p = 8 × 10−4), and circulating DHA concentration (the main component of omega-3 in food), was also positively associated with esophageal cancer (p = 2 × 10−2), but no significant association was found between circulating omega-6 PUFAs and esophageal cancer (p = 0.17), and circulating LA concentration (the main component of omega-6 in food), was also no significant associated with esophageal cancer (p = 0.32). We found no significant relationships of circulating omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs concentration with four other esophageal diseases.ConclusionThis study indicates that higher levels of circulating omega-3 PUFAs and DHA concentrations may be a risk factor for the development of esophageal cancer. Conversely, an increased omega-6/omega-3 ratio may serve as a protective factor against esophageal cancer. These findings have significant implications for the clinical application of omega-3 PUFAs and the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with esophageal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Chen,

Huang

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…In contrast, the intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and MUFAs was negatively associated with liver cancer [ 64 ]. ω-6 PUFAs could enhance the metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells through the COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway, whereas ω-3 PUFAs serve to inhibit that ability through the COX-1/PGE3 signaling axis [ 65 ]. In breast cancer cells, ω-3 PUFAs induced the downregulation of EZH2, thus exerting anticancer effects [ 66 ].…”

Section: Fatty Acids In the Diet And Their Relationship To Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

CD36: The Bridge between Lipids and Tumors

Zhou,

Su,

et al. 2024

Molecules

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It has been found that the development of some cancers can be attributed to obesity, which is associated with the excessive intake of lipids. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, shifting from utilizing glucose to fatty acids (FAs) for energy. CD36, a lipid transporter, is highly expressed in certain kinds of cancer cells. High expressions of CD36 in tumor cells triggers FA uptake and lipid accumulation, promoting rapid tumor growth and initiating metastasis. Meanwhile, immune cells in the tumor microenvironment overexpress CD36 and undergo metabolic reprogramming. CD36-mediated FA uptake leads to lipid accumulation and has immunosuppressive effects. This paper reviews the types of FAs associated with cancer, high expressions of CD36 that promote cancer development and progression, effects of CD36 on different immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, and the current status of CD36 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of tumors with high CD36 expression.

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“…Tumor cells can acquire migratory capacity, which promotes metastatic colonization ( 50 ). Notably, ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were found to enhance the metastatic potential of gastric cancer cells via COX-2/PGE2 ( 51 , 52 ). Thus, PGE2 has been shown to be a conventional target with pleiotropic effects in cancer onset and progression and can be used to develop novel potential treatments with clinical implications.…”

Section: The Role Played By Cyclooxygenase-2 In Different Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of COX-2 in protozoan infection

2023

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Protozoan diseases cause great harm in animal husbandry and require human-provided medical treatment. Protozoan infection can induce changes in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. The role played by COX-2 in the response to protozoan infection is complex. COX-2 induces and regulates inflammation by promoting the synthesis of different prostaglandins (PGs), which exhibit a variety of biological activities and participate in pathophysiological processes in the body in a variety of ways. This review explains the roles played by COX-2 in protozoan infection and analyzes the effects of COX-2-related drugs in protozoan diseases.

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ω-3 and ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Regulate the Proliferation, Invasion and Angiogenesis of Gastric Cancer Through COX/PGE Signaling Pathway

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with esophageal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with esophageal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

CD36: The Bridge between Lipids and Tumors

The roles of COX-2 in protozoan infection

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